Here are some useful links.
http://www.cplusplus.com/doc/tutorial/
http://www.cplusplus.com/doc/tutorial/classes/
http://www.cplusplus.com/doc/tutorial/classes2/
And how do I declare variables or functions as private or as public?
by declaring them within the appropriate section: public, protected or private.
class A{
public:
void public_function( void );
protected:
void protected_helper_function( void );
private:
char private_data;
};