Why does Hex not read out in an array for LED "clock"?

I don't know why hex is not working for you but I don't understand why you want to use it. When I was playing with POV I much preferred binary because it allowed me to visualise what I would output much better than hex would have done.

Incidentally this tests the values in the array and proves that they are correct

int data[] = {
  0x0,0x1,0x2,0x3,0x4,0x5,0x6,0x7,0x8,0x9,0xA,0xB,0xC,0xD,0xE,0xF}; 

void setup()
{
Serial.begin(9600);

  for (int i=0;i<=15;i++)
  {
    Serial.print(i);
    Serial.print("\t");
    Serial.print(data[i],DEC);
    Serial.print("\t");
    Serial.print(data[i],BIN);
    Serial.print("\t");
    Serial.println(data[i],HEX);
  }
}

void loop()
{
}