not able to log data into sd card at faster rates from adxl 345

is there a possibility of increasing the speed.

With opening, writing to, and closing the file on every pass through loop()? No.

Of course, if you DIDN'T open and close the file on every pass through loop(), you could write to the file faster.

You'd then need some way to decide when to open the file and when to close it and when to just write to it.