No, the SPI signals are "hardwired" to internal hardware that performs the SPI functions. However I guess someone proficient enough could write a software SPI functions using different pins and then rewrite the ArduinoISP sketch to utilize that software SPI function. Sounds like a lot of work, better to find a way to buy a new Arduino board. A 'clone' arduino board can often be found on E-bay for around $20 if money is tight.
Lefty