As I understand I2C is digital protocol, but why we can use ony 2 pins for it?
Because the AVR chip uses special internal hardware to support the I2C function and it only wires that function to those two specific pins. Just like the hardware serial function on a standard Uno is only available on pins 0 and 1, same thing going on there. analogWrite (pwm outputs) only works on specific pins because it uses internal chip hardware timers that only wire up to specific pins. All I/O pins can be used as simple digital input or output pins, but most of the special functions of the chip are only supported by specific pins. The AVR datasheet is the best source of information on this topic.
Lefty