Arduino Uno and ATMEL memory chip using SPI

You must be using a different chip than the AT25DF641 you originally used if 239 is the ID. Without knowing what you are using I can't check and see if the opcodes you are using are correct.

Also, I think your myByte = SPI.transfer(0x255); is incorrect as that is a hex 255 not a decimal 255. I think you would want myByte = SPI.transfer(0xFF);