So one way is to write your sketch and upload it into the Uno board. Then power off the board, remove the 328p chip from it's socket and move it to your standalone PCB or breadboard or wired into a larger project. Then just buy a new $5 328p chip/with bootloader preinstalled into your arduino board. Lather, rinse, and repeat as required. If you progress into burning your own bootloader on to blank chips you can save a couple of dollars per cycle.
Lefty