Problem using a voltage divider to input a voltage to a low impedance line

For low impedance driving you'll need the transistor in common-emitter mode (resistor between emitter and ground) with output taken from emitter terminal. This will limit output signal to around 4.3 volts but one major advantage is that the output signal will be in-phase with the arduino PWM output. The emitter resistance should be the same as your "low impedance" load (50ohms or whatever)