How do you calculate what the voltage will be after a resistor?

As I said, measuring the voltage causes current to flow. My meter claims to have a 10 Megohm input impedance. I just measured the current flowing when measuring 5V with the meter, namely 0.45 uA.

Solving for R:

R = 5 / 0.45e-6 = 11111111

11 Megohms which agrees roughly with the claim by the manufacturer.

Thus to measure 5V I am drawing 0.45 uA.

Measuring 12V I drew 1.2 uA, which agrees exactly with the claimed performance:

R = 12 / 1.2e-6 = 10000000

So you can't say "with no current flowing". You might say "with 1.2 uA flowing as drawn by my meter."