http://www.righto.com/2010/03/detecting-ir-beam-break-with-arduino-ir.html has the information you need. The TSOP4038 is the right choice for this application.
If you're dealing with distances under a meter you won't need anywhere near 100ma going through those IR emitters. Even 1ma should be plenty, and you should be able to parallel all 16 emitters (with a current limiting resistor on each) from a single Arduino pin (limit 20ma max). These IR receivers are very sensitive.