OK, I've decided to define all ones and zeros explicitly in arrays. Maybe I'll revisit it in the future, but I don't have time for a better solution right now.
I wanted to be sure of my schematic, though, before proceeding. Here is how I was planning to connect my LEDs to the 4051s:
The plan was to send a PWM pulse into the 4051 and select the appropriate output using the selector pins. The PWM should switch on the transistor, supplying +5V to a row of LEDs. Finally, I would pull one of the anodes to LOW using the Arduino, turning on one LED. Repeating this same structure for each of the rows I have (max of 8).
Should I add anything to this schematic, maybe some resistors? Or will this work as I intend it to?