V=IR so an increase in resistance means increase in voltage, but the arduino pins only supply 5v? Still trying to wrap my head around it.

driving DC relays using a transistor connected to an Arduino pin.
http://playground.arduino.cc/uploads/Main/relays.pdf, the transistor being used to increase the voltage to more then 5V

You can use Germanium diodes 0.25 to 0.3 V   or Schottky Diodes 0.3 to 0.8 V
or you can have more turn in your coil to get higher output voltage.

.1 is 0.1uF
K is Tolerance of capacitor +/- 10%
100 is 100V


http://wiki.xtronics.com/index.php/Capacitor_Codes

You can useCharlieplexing, 12 pins to drive 132 LEDs.
http://playground.arduino.cc/code/charlieplex

You will need the arduino mega servo shield like this


Each servo will draw about 1 Amp of current, for 18 servo, you can get 3000 to 4000 mAH 20C 7.4V 2s1p LiPo battery, but you to drop the voltage to 6V to drive the Servo by using DC to DC converter or UBEC.

These are two of the LCD menu system Library
https://github.com/DavidAndrews/Arduino_LCD_Menu
https://github.com/brunialti/MENWIZ

Is your membrane keypad a matrix keypad? what is the resistance of the contact? it may not be used as a control for on/off switch.

Pololu Pushbutton Power Switch SV
http://www.pololu.com/catalog/product/750

http://rcarduino.blogspot.sg/2012/01/how-to-read-rc-receiver-with.html
http://rcarduino.blogspot.sg/2012/01/how-to-read-rc-receiver-with_20.html

Still able be done with the Arduino Uno R3.

EM-406A GPS Module is using software-serial, if you change the pin connection, you have to change the soft-serial pins definition in the software.

Which Dagu Wild Thumper 4WD Chassis you used 34:1 or 75:1, the 34:1 had torque of roughly 5 kg-cm (70 oz-in) and 75:1 had higher torque of roughly 11 kg-cm (150 oz-in). What is the total weight of your car?
What type battery? AH?
Post your code will help.

http://homemadecircuitsandschematics.blogspot.sg/2012/03/how-to-design-power-supply-simplest-to.html
http://www.zen22142.zen.co.uk/Design/dcpsu.htm
http://www.electronicproducts.com/Passive_Components/Choosing_capacitors_for_power_supplies.aspx

You can not use N-Channel MOSFET to control the supply, you need logic level P-Channel MOSFET to control supply.

Is this what you want?

Code:

// what midi channel we're sending on
// ranges from 0 15

#define midichannal 9 // Equates to MIDI Channel 10
#define midichannal 10 // Equates to MIDI Channel 11
#define midichannal 11 // Equates to MIDI Channel 12
#define midichannal 12
#define midichannal 13

// general midi drum notes
#define note_F#
#define note_D
#define note_A
#define note_G
#define note_F
// define the pins we use
#define switchAPin 12
#define switchBPin 11
#define switchCPin 10
#define switchDPin 9
#define switchEPin 8

#define ledPin 13 // for midi out status
int switchAState = LOW;
int switchBState = LOW;
int switchCState = LOW;
int switchDstate = LOW;
int switchEstate = LOW;

int ledPinA = A5; //LED connected to analog Pin 5
int ledPinB = A4; //LED connected to analog Pin 4


int currentSwitchState = LOW;
int val,t;



void setup() {
  pinMode(switchAPin, INPUT);
  pinMode(switchBPin, INPUT);
  pinMode(switchCPin, INPUT);
  pinMode(switchDPin, INPUT);
  pinMode(switchEPin, INPUT);
  pinMode(A5, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(A4, OUTPUT);

  digitalWrite(switchAPin, HIGH); // turn on internal pullup
  digitalWrite(switchBPin, HIGH); // turn on internal pullup
  digitalWrite(switchCPin, HIGH); // turn on internal pullup
  digitalWrite(switchDPin, HIGH);
  digitalWrite(switchEPin, HIGH);
  //Turn on LED
  digitalWrite(A5, HIGH);
  digitalWrite(A4, HIGH);

  // set MIDI baud rate
  Serial.begin(57600);
}

void loop() {


  // deal with switchA
  currentSwitchState = digitalRead(switchAPin);
  if( currentSwitchState == LOW && switchAState == HIGH ) // push
    noteOn(0x90, 0x1E, 127);

  if( currentSwitchState == HIGH && switchAState == LOW ) // release
    noteOff(0x90, 0x1E, 0);

  switchAState = currentSwitchState;
 
 
    //read state of the piezo
    currentSwitchState = digitalRead(switchAPin);

    //check if piezo is pressed
    //if so, the buttonState is HIGH
    if(currentSwitchState == LOW) {

//turn on the LED
digitalWrite(A5, HIGH);
}
 
 
  currentSwitchState = digitalRead(switchBPin);
 
  if( currentSwitchState == LOW && switchAState == HIGH ) // push
    noteOn(0x90, 0x2E, 127);

  if( currentSwitchState == HIGH && switchAState == LOW ) // release
    noteOff(0x90, 0x2E, 0);

  switchBState = currentSwitchState;
 
 
    //read state of the piezo
    currentSwitchState = digitalRead(switchBPin);

    //check if piezo is pressed
    //if so, the buttonState is HIGH
    if(currentSwitchState == HIGH) {

//turn on the LED
digitalWrite(A4, HIGH);
}
 

  currentSwitchState = digitalRead(switchCPin);
 
  if( currentSwitchState == LOW && switchAState == HIGH ) // push
    noteOn(0x90, 0x3E, 127);

  if( currentSwitchState == HIGH && switchAState == LOW ) // release
    noteOff(0x90, 0x3E, 0);

  switchCState = currentSwitchState;

  currentSwitchState = digitalRead(switchDPin);
 
  if( currentSwitchState == LOW && switchAState == HIGH ) // push
    noteOn(0x90, 0x4A, 127);

  if( currentSwitchState == HIGH && switchAState == LOW ) // release
    noteOff(0x90, 0x4A, 0);

  switchCState = currentSwitchState;

  currentSwitchState = digitalRead(switchEPin);
  if( currentSwitchState == LOW && switchAState == HIGH ) // push
    noteOn(0x90, 0x5B, 127);
  if( currentSwitchState == HIGH && switchAState == LOW ) // release
    noteOff(0x90, 0x5B, 0);
  switchCState = currentSwitchState;


}
  // Send a MIDI note on message. Like pressing a piano key

  // channel ranges from 0 15


void noteOn(byte channel, byte note, byte velocity) {
  midiMsg( (0x90 | channel), note, velocity);
}

// Send a MIDI note off message. Like releasing a piano key

void noteOff(byte channel, byte note, byte velocity) {
  midiMsg( (0x80 | channel), note, velocity);
}


// Send a general MIDI message
void midiMsg(byte cmd, byte data1, byte data2) {
  digitalWrite(ledPin,HIGH); // indicate we're sending MIDI data
  Serial.write(byte(cmd));
  Serial.write(byte(data1));
  Serial.write(byte(data2));
  digitalWrite(ledPin,LOW);

}

http://arduino.cc/forum/index.php/topic,108330.0.html

You can get this from eBay

Automatic buck-boost With charging Constant current&Voltage Power step-up/down 4-35V to 1.25-25V