I'm having an issue with the tone function, where if I try to produce a tone of 30 Hz or lower, the output frequency is erroneously higher.

Nothing in setup, and the only thing in the loop is:

tone(8,25);
delay(1000);


Is there a lower limit to frequency generation, or am I doing something wrong here?

Arduino is not suited to this application.  A system with an ARM processor or the like would be a better bet, though quite tedious to construct and program.

Keep in mind that aircraft are hanging around up there.  Please notify your nearest towered airport of your intended time of launch so that an appropriate NOTAM (notice to airmen) can be issued.  You need to do this any time you launch something higher than the upper limit of the class E airspace.

Oops.  My bad.  It turns out that I was looking at the voltage regulator.

Neato!

What I find most interesting is that the power connector seems to be generating more heat than anything else.  I'd think that the resistance of the connection would be low enough so that very little voltage would develop across it, and hence, almost no power.

I got a hunting cap, a gun case, and a beer making kit.  I think the universe is trying to tell me something.