before i program the xbee, i able to read the xbee. but, after it crash while program it, the xbee now cannot be read. even cannot be tested.

this happen when i tried to program the xbee. i modified the modem configuration. then, while on the programming modem process, it suddenly crash. i've set the baud rate yo 9600. default baud rate. both baud rate in modem configuration & pc setting is 9600. i wonder how this happen. i manage to program 2 xbee modules. only 1 undergo this error. by the way, i try to change the baud rate to 57600, the same error happen while programming the xbee.

hi. hello everyone. i'm having this kind of problem with my xbee. currently, i cannot communicate with my xbee. and, i cannot figure out the solution. together here, i attached the screenshot of the x-ctu showing the above problem. i hope anyone who manage to solve this kind of problem would give me a help. TQ.

You could make that a 2D array, instead. Then, one argument would be an index that would define which row to use.

Or. use a switch statement to select which array to send. But, don't write 5 functions.

2D array? i think my experience in programming is just shallow. by the way, for the switch case. i understand that one. i'm gonna try it. but, perhaps i could learn how to do 2D array.

Why do you have 5 nearly identical functions? One would suffice. Pass it arguments.

Perhaps you've observed that functions like digitalRead() don't have numeric suffixes.

in each deletefinger() function, it has it own command code need be transmitted via serial.write. perhaps if has other way, i could learn a new thing too.

below code is already functioning. but, may i ask. is there any other way that i can make the code become less line. i think there is another way. but, i don't have any idea how to do it. i think the value of adc_key_in can be made into for loop so that if counter 0, it will call function deleteFinger0();
but i don't have any clue on how to do it. i would be glad if someone could give me a hint on how to do it. thank you.

Code:

//==========================================================================
// Author     : CYTRON TECHNOLOGIES SDN BHD
// Project             : Arduino Duemilanove
// Project description : Project_1: "Hello World" and utilize switch
//==========================================================================

#include <LiquidCrystal.h>

/*
  The circuit:
 * LCD RS pin to digital pin 8
 * LCD Enable pin to digital pin 9
 * LCD D4 pin to digital pin 4
 * LCD D5 pin to digital pin 5
 * LCD D6 pin to digital pin 6
 * LCD D7 pin to digital pin 7
 * LCD R/W pin to ground
*/

LiquidCrystal lcd(8, 9, 4, 5, 6, 7);

int analogPin = A0;
int adc_key_old;
int adc_key_in;
int NUM_KEYS = 5;
int key=-1;
int adc_key_val[5] ={30, 150, 360, 535, 760 };       
               
byte deleteFingerPrint0[] = {0x4D, 0x58, 0x10, 0x03, 0x42, 0x00, 0x00, 0xFA}; // 8 bytes
byte deleteFingerPrint1[] = {0x4D, 0x58, 0x10, 0x03, 0x42, 0x00, 0x01, 0xFB}; // 8 bytes
byte deleteFingerPrint2[] = {0x4D, 0x58, 0x10, 0x03, 0x42, 0x00, 0x02, 0xFC}; // 8 bytes
byte deleteFingerPrint3[] = {0x4D, 0x58, 0x10, 0x03, 0x42, 0x00, 0x03, 0xFD}; // 8 bytes
byte deleteFingerPrint4[] = {0x4D, 0x58, 0x10, 0x03, 0x42, 0x00, 0x04, 0xFE}; // 8 bytes

byte respondCorrect[] = {0x4D, 0x58, 0x30, 0x01, 0x01, 0xD7}; // 6 bytes

byte operationSuccessDelete[] = {0x4D, 0x58, 0x30, 0x02, 0x42, 0x31, 0x4A}; // 7 bytes
byte parameterErrorDelete [] = {0x4D, 0x58, 0x30, 0x02, 0x42, 0x35, 0x4E}; // 7 bytes
byte respond[6],operation[7],a,f,g;
                   
                   
/*******************************************************************************
* PRIVATE FUNCTION: setup()
*
* PARAMETERS:
* ~ void
*
* RETURN:
* ~ void
*
* DESCRIPTIONS:
* Define of I/O pin as Input or Output
*
*******************************************************************************/
// The setup() method runs once, when the sketch starts
void setup ()
{
  // initialize serial:
  Serial.begin(57600);
 
  lcd.begin(16, 2);                         // set the lcd dimension
  lcd.print("  CYTRON TECH.");              // display the text
  lcd.setCursor(0,1);                       // set lcd.setCursor (column,row)
  lcd.print(" Eg. LCD Shield");   
  delay(1500);                              // delay for 3000ms
  lcd.clear();
  adc_key_old = analogRead(analogPin);      // store the unpress key value
}


/*******************************************************************************
* PRIVATE FUNCTION: loop()
*
* PARAMETERS:
* ~ void
*
* RETURN:
* ~ void
*
* DESCRIPTIONS:
* Non-Stop looping
*
*******************************************************************************/
void loop()
{
  lcd.setCursor(0,0);             
  lcd.print("Fingerprint Reader");
  lcd.setCursor(0,1);
  lcd.print("Select Address");

  adc_key_in = analogRead(analogPin);     // read ADC value
  adc_key_in = get_key(adc_key_in);
 
  if (adc_key_in==0)
  {
    deleteFinger0();
    correctRespond();
    operationSuccesful();
  }
 
  else if (adc_key_in==1)
  {
    deleteFinger1();
    correctRespond();
    operationSuccesful();
  }
 
  else if (adc_key_in==2)
  {
    deleteFinger2();
    correctRespond();
    operationSuccesful();
  }

  else if (adc_key_in==3)
  { 
    deleteFinger3();
    correctRespond();
    operationSuccesful();
  }

  else if (adc_key_in==4)
  {
    deleteFinger4();
    correctRespond();
    operationSuccesful();
  }
}
 

/*******************************************************************************
* PRIVATE FUNCTION: get_key
*
* PARAMETERS:
* ~ integer
*
* RETURN:
* ~ unsigned int input
*
* DESCRIPTIONS:
* convert the ADC value to number between 0 to 4
*
*******************************************************************************/
int get_key(unsigned int input)
{
int k;
   
for (k = 0; k < NUM_KEYS; k++)
{
if (input < adc_key_val[k])
{
           
    return k;
        }
}
   
    if (k >= NUM_KEYS)
        k = -1;     // No valid key pressed
   
    return k;
}

void deleteFinger0(){
  // set the cursor to column 0, line 1
  lcd.setCursor(0, 1);
  // Print a message to the LCD.
  lcd.print("Del Fingerprint1");

  // write the 8bytes array of the command code
  Serial.write(deleteFingerPrint0, sizeof(deleteFingerPrint0));
  delay(1500);
}

void deleteFinger1(){
  // set the cursor to column 0, line 1
  lcd.setCursor(0, 1);
  // Print a message to the LCD.
  lcd.print("Del Fingerprint2");

  // write the 8bytes array of the command code
  Serial.write(deleteFingerPrint1, sizeof(deleteFingerPrint1));
  delay(1500);
}

void deleteFinger2(){
  // set the cursor to column 0, line 1
  lcd.setCursor(0, 1);
  // Print a message to the LCD.
  lcd.print("Del Fingerprint3");

  // write the 8bytes array of the command code
  Serial.write(deleteFingerPrint2, sizeof(deleteFingerPrint2));
  delay(1500);
}

void deleteFinger3(){
  // set the cursor to column 0, line 1
  lcd.setCursor(0, 1);
  // Print a message to the LCD.
  lcd.print("Del Fingerprint4");

  // write the 8bytes array of the command code
  Serial.write(deleteFingerPrint3, sizeof(deleteFingerPrint3));
  delay(1500);
}

void deleteFinger4(){
  // set the cursor to column 0, line 1
  lcd.setCursor(0, 1);
  // Print a message to the LCD.
  lcd.print("Del Fingerprint5");

  // write the 8bytes array of the command code
  Serial.write(deleteFingerPrint4, sizeof(deleteFingerPrint4));
  delay(1500);
}

void correctRespond() {
  // Now, reply contains all 6 bytes
  for(byte x=0; x<6; x++)
  {
    while(Serial.available() == 0) {}; // Wait for a byte
    respond[x] = Serial.read();
   
    a = memcmp(respondCorrect, respond, sizeof(respondCorrect));

    if (a==0) {
      lcd.clear();
      // set the cursor to column 0, line 0
      lcd.setCursor(0, 0);
      // Print a message to the LCD.
      lcd.print("Correct Respond");
      }
 
    else {
      lcd.clear();
      // set the cursor to column 0, line 0
      lcd.setCursor(0, 0);
      // Print a message to the LCD.
      lcd.print("Wrong Respond");
      }
  }
  delay(1500);
}

void operationSuccesful () {
  // Now, reply contains all 7 bytes
  for(byte x=0; x<7; x++)
  {
    while(Serial.available() == 0) {}; // Wait for a byte
    operation[x] = Serial.read();
   
    f = memcmp(operationSuccessDelete, operation, sizeof(operationSuccessDelete));
    g = memcmp(parameterErrorDelete, operation, sizeof(parameterErrorDelete));
   
    if (f==0) {
      lcd.clear();
      // set the cursor to column 0, line 0
      lcd.setCursor(0, 0);
      // Print a message to the LCD.
      lcd.print("Operation Success");
      }
     
    else if (g==0) {
      lcd.clear();
      // set the cursor to column 0, line 0
      lcd.setCursor(0, 0);
      // Print a message to the LCD.
      lcd.print("Parameter Error");
      }
   
    else  {
      lcd.clear();
      // set the cursor to column 0, line 0
      lcd.setCursor(0, 0);
      // Print a message to the LCD.
      lcd.print("Please Restart");
      }
  }
  delay(1500);
}

In your code you have: (currentState == 1);

That won't do as you are intending. Assuming you want currentState to change to 1 you need to change it to: currentState = 1;

haha. thank you for that. now it is working. thanks buddy.

(currentState == 1); does nothing.  Actually not quite true, but not what you want
currentState = 1; sets the currentState variable to 1

== compares 2 things
= sets the variable on the left to the value on the right.

actually not quite true? i think my coding is like this. my initial state is zero by the way. currentState = 0; sets the currentState variable to 1

am i correct like this? but why it not goes to state 1. remain at state zero after i push down button.

Code:

/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////  
  if (currentState == 0 && buttonPressed == DOWN_BUTTON_MENU)
  {
    (currentState == 1);
    lcd.clear();
    lcd.setCursor(0,0);                       // set lcd.setCursor (column,row)
    lcd.print("Add Fingerprint");
  }
  
  else if (currentState == 1 && buttonPressed == DOWN_BUTTON_MENU)
  {
    (currentState == 2);
    lcd.clear();
    lcd.setCursor(0,0);                       // set lcd.setCursor (column,row)
    lcd.print("Delete");
    lcd.setCursor(0,1);                       // set lcd.setCursor (column,row)
    lcd.print("Fingerprint");
  }
  
  else if (currentState == 2 && buttonPressed == DOWN_BUTTON_MENU)
  {
    (currentState == 3);
    lcd.clear();
    lcd.setCursor(0,0);                       // set lcd.setCursor (column,row)
    lcd.print("Search");
    lcd.setCursor(0,1);                       // set lcd.setCursor (column,row)
    lcd.print("Fingerprint");
  }
  
  else if (currentState == 3 && buttonPressed == DOWN_BUTTON_MENU)
  {
    (currentState == 4);
    lcd.clear();
    lcd.setCursor(0,0);                       // set lcd.setCursor (column,row)
    lcd.print("Empty Database");
  }
  
  else if (currentState == 4 && buttonPressed == DOWN_BUTTON_MENU)
  {
    //(currentState == 0);
    lcd.clear();
    lcd.setCursor(0,0);                       // set lcd.setCursor (column,row)
    lcd.print("Search Database");
  }
///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

Look at this again

Screen 1 on display.  currentState = 1
button 1 pressed. Set currentState to 2 and show screen 2
button 2 pressed. Set currentState to 3 and show screen 3
button 3 pressed. Set currentState to 4 and show screen 4

understood! just like stepping a stairs.

i believe more visible like this. i understand what u meant. almost got it. but how to link the state while i pressed the down button.

Code:

if (currentState == 1 && buttonPressed == DOWN_BUTTON_MENU)
{
  lcd.clear();
  lcd.setCursor(0,0);                       // set lcd.setCursor (column,row)
  lcd.print("Add Fingerprint");
}

else if (currentState == 2 && buttonPressed == DOWN_BUTTON_MENU)
{
  lcd.clear();
  lcd.setCursor(0,0);                       // set lcd.setCursor (column,row)
  lcd.print("Delete");
  lcd.setCursor(0,1);                       // set lcd.setCursor (column,row)
  lcd.print("Fingerprint");
}

else if (currentState == 3 && buttonPressed == DOWN_BUTTON_MENU)
{
  lcd.clear();
  lcd.setCursor(0,0);                       // set lcd.setCursor (column,row)
  lcd.print("Search");
  lcd.setCursor(0,1);                       // set lcd.setCursor (column,row)
  lcd.print("Fingerprint");
}

else if (currentState == 4 && buttonPressed == DOWN_BUTTON_MENU)
{
  lcd.clear();
  lcd.setCursor(0,0);                       // set lcd.setCursor (column,row)
  lcd.print("Empty Database");
}

else if (currentState == 5 && buttonPressed == DOWN_BUTTON_MENU)
{
  lcd.clear();
  lcd.setCursor(0,0);                       // set lcd.setCursor (column,row)
  lcd.print("Search Database");
}

let me give a try first. Thank you by the way, correcting me. by the way, how to increase the currentstate so that it won't interpret it as button pressed? i almost got it. with the implementation of &&. thank you for that.

by the way, is this code correct in your opinion. i manage to scroll down to every operation. add fingerprint, delete fingerprint and so on. by when i want to go to second menu, it won't go to the second menu. need advice on that. perhaps maybe something wrong with my coding.

Code:

#include <LiquidCrystal.h>
#define RIGHT_BUTTON_MENU 0
#define UP_BUTTON_MENU 1
#define DOWN_BUTTON_MENU 2
#define LEFT_BUTTON_MENU 3
#define SELECT_BUTTON_MENU 4

LiquidCrystal lcd(8, 9, 4, 5, 6, 7);

int analogPin = A0;
int adc_key_old;
int NUM_KEYS = 5;
int key=-1;
int adc_key_val[5] ={30, 150, 360, 535, 760};

// Variables will change:
int adc_key_in=0;
int adc_key_in_last = 0;     // previous state of the button
int adc_key_in_PushCounter = 0;   // counter for the number of button presses

int State1 = 0;
int State2 = 0;
int State3 = 0;
int State4 = 0;
int State5 = 0;
int State6 = 0;
int State7 = 0;

void setup ()
{
  // initialize serial:
  Serial.begin(57600);
 
  lcd.begin(16, 2);                         // set the lcd dimension
  lcd.setCursor(0,0); 
  lcd.print("  CYTRON TECH.");              // display the text
  lcd.setCursor(0,1);                       // set lcd.setCursor (column,row)
  lcd.print(" Eg. LCD Shield");
  delay(1500);  // delay for 1500ms
 
  lcd.clear();
  adc_key_old = analogRead(analogPin);      // store the unpress key value
}

void loop()
{

  adc_key_in = analogRead(analogPin);     // read ADC value
  adc_key_in = get_key(adc_key_in);
 
  // compare the buttonState to its previous state
  if (adc_key_in != adc_key_in_last) {
   
    // if the state has changed, increment the counter
    if (adc_key_in == DOWN_BUTTON_MENU) {

      // if the current state is HIGH then the button
      // wend from off to on:
      adc_key_in_PushCounter++;
      delay (300);
     
      if (adc_key_in_PushCounter==1) {
        //{State1 = 1}
        lcd.clear();
        lcd.setCursor(0,0);                       // set lcd.setCursor (column,row)
        lcd.print("Add Fingerprint");
       
        if (adc_key_in == SELECT_BUTTON_MENU) {
          addFinger0;
        }
      }
     
      else if (adc_key_in_PushCounter==2){
        lcd.clear();
        lcd.setCursor(0,0);                       // set lcd.setCursor (column,row)
        lcd.print("Delete");
        lcd.setCursor(0,1);                       // set lcd.setCursor (column,row)
        lcd.print("Fingerprint");
      }
     
      else if (adc_key_in_PushCounter==3){
        lcd.clear();
        lcd.setCursor(0,0);                       // set lcd.setCursor (column,row)
        lcd.print("Search");
        lcd.setCursor(0,1);                       // set lcd.setCursor (column,row)
        lcd.print("Fingerprint");
      }

      else if (adc_key_in_PushCounter==4){
        lcd.clear();
        lcd.setCursor(0,0);                       // set lcd.setCursor (column,row)
        lcd.print("Empty Database");
      }

      else if (adc_key_in_PushCounter==5){
        lcd.clear();
        lcd.setCursor(0,0);                       // set lcd.setCursor (column,row)
        lcd.print("Search Database");
      }
    }
       
    else {
      // if the current state is LOW then the button
      // wend from on to off:
      //lcd.setCursor(0,0);                       // set lcd.setCursor (column,row)
      //lcd.print("off");
    }
  }
  // save the current state as the last state,
  //for next time through the loop
  adc_key_in_last = adc_key_in;
}

int get_key(unsigned int input)
{
  int k;

    for (k = 0; k < NUM_KEYS; k++)
    {
      if (input < adc_key_val[k])
      {

      return k;
      }
    }
   
  if (k >= NUM_KEYS)
    k = -1;     // No valid key pressed

    return k;
}

void addFinger0(){
  // set the cursor to column 0, line 1
  lcd.setCursor(0, 1);
  // Print a message to the LCD.
  lcd.print("Add Fingerprint1");
  delay(1500);
}

thank you. thank you very much. wow. i'm very grateful to all of u. much much clear. thank you for the explanation & example provided.

understood. now i have a clear image on that. buttonState. so, the buttonState will be a variable how many time it been push. Thank you very much. i'll give a try on that. thank you for the hint.