According to the datasheet the PWM input needs 2.5-6V. 10V would break it.
It will break it. Trust me. Twice burning boards was due to using more than 5V. As everyone says, we don't completely understand what you're doing. If anything, plug in a 10V source and use the Vin to get the 10V back (in an Uno, for instance). All you should need to do is use the 10V for power. Everything else is done with 5V (buttons, etc).
Basically, use only the 10V for power. Touch nothing else with it. You will not be happy with results of burning boards.
Hope this helps.