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[on:]

OS Gentoo Linux
Arduino 0022 or 1.0.3 (any)
Standard example: Sensors --> Ping
Getting error during "Verify" process :

Code:

core.a(wiring_pulse.c.o): In function `pulseIn':
/usr/share/arduino-0022/hardware/arduino/cores/arduino/wiring_pulse.c:45: undefined reference to `__muluhisi3'
/usr/share/arduino-0022/hardware/arduino/cores/arduino/wiring_pulse.c:68: undefined reference to `__muluhisi3'
collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status

Any ideas...

[Reply #1 on:]

Never seen this one on Windows (my OS).

Can you open the faulty file and post the contents?
// my 0.22 IDE has perfectly meaningful code at line 45/68, no mentions of __muluhisi3 in the file.

[Reply #2 on:]

sure

file /usr/share/arduino-0022/hardware/arduino/cores/arduino/wiring_pulse.c:

Code:

/*
  wiring_pulse.c - pulseIn() function
  Part of Arduino - http://www.arduino.cc/

  Copyright (c) 2005-2006 David A. Mellis

  This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
  modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
  License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
  version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.

  This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
  but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
  MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
  Lesser General Public License for more details.

  You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General
  Public License along with this library; if not, write to the
  Free Software Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330,
  Boston, MA  02111-1307  USA

  $Id: wiring.c 248 2007-02-03 15:36:30Z mellis $
*/

#include "wiring_private.h"
#include "pins_arduino.h"

/* Measures the length (in microseconds) of a pulse on the pin; state is HIGH
 * or LOW, the type of pulse to measure.  Works on pulses from 2-3 microseconds
 * to 3 minutes in length, but must be called at least a few dozen microseconds
 * before the start of the pulse. */
unsigned long pulseIn(uint8_t pin, uint8_t state, unsigned long timeout)
{
        // cache the port and bit of the pin in order to speed up the
        // pulse width measuring loop and achieve finer resolution.  calling
        // digitalRead() instead yields much coarser resolution.
        uint8_t bit = digitalPinToBitMask(pin);
        uint8_t port = digitalPinToPort(pin);
        uint8_t stateMask = (state ? bit : 0);
        unsigned long width = 0; // keep initialization out of time critical area

        // convert the timeout from microseconds to a number of times through
        // the initial loop; it takes 16 clock cycles per iteration.
        unsigned long numloops = 0;
        unsigned long maxloops = microsecondsToClockCycles(timeout) / 16;

        // wait for any previous pulse to end
        while ((*portInputRegister(port) & bit) == stateMask)
                if (numloops++ == maxloops)
                        return 0;

        // wait for the pulse to start
        while ((*portInputRegister(port) & bit) != stateMask)
                if (numloops++ == maxloops)
                        return 0;

        // wait for the pulse to stop
        while ((*portInputRegister(port) & bit) == stateMask) {
                if (numloops++ == maxloops)
                        return 0;
                width++;
        }

        // convert the reading to microseconds. The loop has been determined
        // to be 20 clock cycles long and have about 16 clocks between the edge
        // and the start of the loop. There will be some error introduced by
        // the interrupt handlers.
        return clockCyclesToMicroseconds(width * 21 + 16);
}

problems in lines:

Code:

unsigned long maxloops = microsecondsToClockCycles(timeout) / 16;
...
return clockCyclesToMicroseconds(width * 21 + 16);

it looks like there is something with definition of  clockCyclesToMicroseconds and microsecondsToClockCycles in
/usr/share/arduino-0022/hardware/arduino/cores/arduino/wiring.h file

Code:

#define clockCyclesToMicroseconds(a) ( ((a) * 1000L) / (F_CPU / 1000L) )
#define microsecondsToClockCycles(a) ( ((a) * (F_CPU / 1000L)) / 1000L )

thanks

[Reply #3 on:]

What time out do you use?

Read this thread -http://arduino.cc/forum/index.php/topic,74813.msg563694.html#msg563694 -
See my reply msg10

[Reply #4 on:]

Which board did you have selected?

[Reply #5 on:]

What time out do you use?

Read this thread -http://arduino.cc/forum/index.php/topic,74813.msg563694.html#msg563694 -
See my reply msg10

Thanks again.

I use standard examples Examples --> Sensors --> Ping from arduino package.
It looks like mistake in example

Code:

duration = pulseIn(pingPin, HIGH);

here no timeout

Tried your testcode from your thread (post #10), got just one (not two like before) error on line 68:

Code:

core.a(wiring_pulse.c.o): In function `pulseIn':
/usr/share/arduino-0022/hardware/arduino/cores/arduino/wiring_pulse.c:68: undefined reference to `__muluhisi3'
collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status

Your fix is working only on for 45-th line.  
 

[Reply #6 on:]

Which board did you have selected?

Arduino Uno

[Reply #7 on:]

Very interesting.
I made several tests with this easy code:

Code:

unsigned long duration;
int counter = 0;

unsigned long before = 0;
void setup()
{
  pinMode (5, INPUT);
  Serial.begin(9600);
}
void loop()
{
  duration = pulseIn(5, LOW, 10000000L); // yes 10.000.000
  {
    Serial.print("D: ");
    Serial.println (duration);
    Serial.print("M: ");
    Serial.println(millis()-before);
    before = millis();
  }
}

not working. I got:

Code:

core.a(wiring_pulse.c.o): In function `pulseIn':
/usr/share/arduino/hardware/arduino/cores/arduino/wiring_pulse.c:68: undefined reference to `__muluhisi3'
collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status

File /usr/share/arduino/hardware/arduino/cores/arduino/wiring_pulse.c line 68 (original) :

Code:

return clockCyclesToMicroseconds(width * 21 + 16);

If I change it to:

Code:

return clockCyclesToMicroseconds(width * 2 + 16);

(I know that there no sense)   
...there no any compilation errors.
As you can see I just changed "21" to "2" 
BTW, code with "3" :

Code:

return clockCyclesToMicroseconds(width * 3 + 16);

not working too.   

any ideas?

PS: Maximum value for "width" i have <= 736.

PPS: Gentoo Linux 64bit

[Reply #8 on:]

Ha, now I recognize it you got the overflow bug!
I posted it here - http://code.google.com/p/arduino/issues/detail?id=675 - Solved in version 1.01 IIRC

OK explanation:

timeout = 10000000L  10 million

#define clockCyclesToMicroseconds(a) ( ((a) * 1000L) / (F_CPU / 1000L) )
#define microsecondsToClockCycles(a) ( ((a) * (F_CPU / 1000L)) / 1000L )

The first macro multiplies 10M * 1000 giving 10 000 000 000 which does not fit in a long !  overflow
The second similar.

Redefine these lines in wiring.h and it should work.
----------------------
#define clockCyclesPerMicrosecond() ( F_CPU / 1000000L )
#define clockCyclesToMicroseconds(a) ( (a) / clockCyclesPerMicrosecond() )
#define microsecondsToClockCycles(a) ( (a) * clockCyclesPerMicrosecond() )
// http://arduino.cc/forum/index.php/topic,74813.0.html
// #define clockCyclesToMicroseconds(a) ( ((a) * 1000L) / (F_CPU / 1000L) )
// #define microsecondsToClockCycles(a) ( ((a) * (F_CPU / 1000L)) / 1000L )

This should solve it,
Succes

[Reply #9 on:]

Right now I use Arduino 1.0.3

File /usr/share/arduino/hardware/arduino/cores/arduino/Arduino.h has the following definitions:

Code:

#define clockCyclesPerMicrosecond() ( F_CPU / 1000000L )
#define clockCyclesToMicroseconds(a) ( (a) / clockCyclesPerMicrosecond() )
#define microsecondsToClockCycles(a) ( (a) * clockCyclesPerMicrosecond() )

F_CPU = 16 000 000
-----> clockCyclesPerMicrosecond = 16
"width" value (in my tests) was not more 736 (~550-736) ---> about 7-13 centimeters
(I temporary changed return value in wiring_pulse.c to get width from there)

File /usr/share/arduino/hardware/arduino/cores/arduino/wiring_pulse.c

Code:

return clockCyclesToMicroseconds(width * 21 + 16);

and problem still exists.

[Reply #10 on:]

736 * 21 + 16 = 15472 (should be an unsigned long as width is an unsigned long)
this is divided by 16 = 967
The math stays within the range.

// other line of thought
How much free ram has your application?
Which board are you using?

Can you post the complete sketch?  might give some clues..