RGB LED Matrix spread over 400 square feet (43 square meters)

cmorlotte:
About the colors, let's say: red, green, blue, orange, white and yellow

As orange is not a primary colour it involves having red full on but green only half on you are talking about fading the LED and that is almost imposable over the distances you talked of. So you need to distribute the drivers, even then you have difficulty talking to them over such distances.

(40 / 0.2)^2 = 40,000 LED's * 3 channels = 120,000 channels. On it's own that's a lot of things to control, a lot of things to wire up, a lot of things to solder, a lot of things to buy. Buy you must do all of those things for each LED.

It took me hours to wire up 15 RGB LEDs in strands like Christmas lights. Each lead: cut, strip, tin, clip, align, solder, insulate, test.... 40,000 may take a lifetime.

Edit:
Whoops i misread, but that still comes out to something like 900 LEDs. Not so out there, but we are still talking about weeks or months of work just to wire them together.

You might get away with using a main control, intelligent sub-modules and WIFI communications.

If you have enough money, you can use digital pots to fade the leds.

It's about 1000 RGB LEDS or the equvivalent of 3000 individual LEDs (20 cm apart = 25 pr/m2).

But that is still a very large amount of LED's to control individually.

I would do as GoForSmoke suggests, create a modular design with a local controller for say each squaremeter controlling 25 (75) LED's, then hook up all the local controllers somehow to a "central intelligence unit".

There are lots of potential trouble spots, including power supply and method of controlling 40 individual modules.

I have that as about 1000 LEDs

(6.3M per side * 5 leds per M) Squared

[edit]
Not a very high resolution BTW - How far are you viewing from?

did you see the Olympic stadium light show? Now that was cool, all those paddles....
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Actually it's not meant to display any kind of animation. Just on/off for each individual LED or on/off for a group of LEDs.

I thought about LEDs at first, but is there some other light source/bulb type with which I can get different colors (white, blue, green, red, orange, yellow)? Maybe something simpler to implement?

Would it be easier with just red, green, blue? How about one color?

What I need is basically a grid with light sources, with individual addressable points, controlled by a computer. The ability to use different colors would be a big plus.

What would be the viewing distance and viewing angle or in other words would the LED panel be installed vertically ?
What are the viewing environment be dark and indoors or outside in bright daylight ?

The above at a minimum will determine what output your light sources will need to generate.

Given the size of the project one could easily assume that you won't get away with small 20mA LEDs but need something that has more light output. Of course your project is technically feasible. That is really not the question!

The question really is what are your time and budget constraints ?

What sort of power are you expecting each LED 'pixel' to have? From the physical size I guess that these will be viewed from a long way away and would need a considerable amount of power for those tiny specs of light to be visible.

Would it be easier with just red, green, blue? How about one color

I told you before primary and secondary colours are easy.
Red, Green, Blue are the additive primary colours,
Yellow, Cyan, Magenta are the additive secondary colours. All involve just on and off with no dimming.

Don't forget white (all on) and black (all off).
But as long as you're doing it, PWM is high speed on/off with controlled time for each -- you can make any apparent color you want.

Why RGB leds when you can get high power red, green and blue leds cheaper and cluster them in 3's? Same number of connects but each with its own heat sink. much more practical.

As to module intelligence, stand-alone AVR chips are far cheaper than a full board per unit. You will need power and ground commons at least 12V with such wire lengths and leds not so far from any one controller that low V signals affect your lights. You don't have to use radio, it would easier is all, bluetooth modules can be found for less than $10 each nowadays. For something with 1000 -bright- points of RGB you will be spending a good bit anyway so you might as well get it right.

What would be the viewing distance and viewing angle or in other words would the LED panel be installed vertically ?
What are the viewing environment be dark and indoors or outside in bright daylight ?

It's a vertical installation, indoors with lights on. The viewing distance should be short, in the 6 feet (2 meters) range.

The thing is I can't rig the whole thing from scratch. I just don't have the knowledge, so I thought there might be a way to modify something already on the market, like the links I provided at the top. Time is not an issue, but this is a personal project and definitely I am not willing to spend thousands of dollars.

To maybe provide a better picture, imagine one of those old maps used to learn geography that had light bulbs on each state or country. A bulb comes on and you have to identify the location.

I need something similar, ideally with colors, and I thought it would be easier to control with a computer, as I would need to input individual addresses or a group of them, let's say I can turn on/off B23 or turn on/off B23, D18, G8, J15, A2.

cmorlotte:

What would be the viewing distance and viewing angle or in other words would the LED panel be installed vertically ?
What are the viewing environment be dark and indoors or outside in bright daylight ?

It's a vertical installation, indoors with lights on. The viewing distance should be short, in the 6 feet (2 meters) range.

The thing is I can't rig the whole thing from scratch. I just don't have the knowledge, so I thought there might be a way to modify something already on the market, like the links I provided at the top. Time is not an issue, but this is a personal project and definitely I am not willing to spend thousands of dollars.

To maybe provide a better picture, imagine one of those old maps used to learn geography that had light bulbs on each state or country. A bulb comes on and you have to identify the location.

I need something similar, ideally with colors, and I thought it would be easier to control with a computer, as I would need to input individual addresses or a group of them, let's say I can turn on/off B23 or turn on/off B23, D18, G8, J15, A2.

Since you need them to be individually addressable, it's probably the same complexity as if you wanted to display an animation. Primary colors would make it 3 times as complex as a single color. To do any other colors other than R, G, B, white and black would make the project significantly more complex. This is probably not something that a novice is going to be able to accomplish. Very experienced people have made very small versions of what you're talking about and it was very difficult, time consuming, and expensive. Your project is easily in the thousands of dollar range and months worth of work, even if you knew what you were doing.

Why not first start with a blink sketch? Then toy with a port register, and then use two port registers in a matrix. Next, move to RGB LEDs and see if you can duplicate that same LED matrix in RGB. Finally, work on trying to control that RGB LED matrix to display exactly what you want. Once you get to this point, you'll probably see how unrealistic your project was. It's not impossible, just exceedingly complex, expensive, and time consuming. And really, you should master the blink sketch before you want to take on a project like this.

Tim

Thanks a lot for everyone's feedback and help. Now that I know that the project is complex and more so for a noob I can maybe rethink the whole thing.

The ability to display colors is an important part so I guess that just adds to the complexity and cost.

It might be a good idea to start with a small, single color matrix and try and understand its workings and eventually try to scale up from that.

do any other colors other than R, G, B, white and black would make the project significantly more comple

No you get the secondary colours as well just as easy.
Mind you those black LED are cutting edge, there are currently avaliable in three shades of black as well.

Even burned out leds can do black. But still it is a viable palette choice.

Perhaps with not-really-fast changes the leds could be run through lots of shift registers. 300 baud?

Black LEDs are basically white LEDs but wired up backwards so the light is sucked into it not pushed out of it.

I thought that was leds as light detectors.

No I am having a laugh, there is no such thing as a black LED. I wish there were because one project of mine is stalled because I want a black "light". I have tried using a smoked plastic filter but it is not very satisfactory.

This project isn't really that bad. I'd use an Arduino Mega (for the larger SRAM, mostly) and see what can be done with WS2811 pixels. Break up the array into several 50-100 pixel chains. It would still be a lot of soldering, unless you got some small custom boards and cables made. I don't see any easy solution coming in much less than $1500...that's how projects work, you have to trade knowledge and work for money in one direction or the other.