As you posted in the english forum before, I presume that you can read english/speak a bit...
I would recommend that you use the english forum rather than the french one. You would get more replies
Je pensais aussi à un télémètre, pour éviter de se prendre les murs, mais vaut-il mieux à Ultrasons ou à Infrarouges ?
I would recommend untrasonic because it is more accurate than infared. It is more expensive though.
That is the standard board and is the best to get when learning arduino.
Those servos look ok although you may want to look at stepper motors for accurate movement.
You will need one of these for prototyping.
You may want to look into lithium-ion batteries as the motors will take a lot of power.
I'm afraid that I don't understand what else you are asking as my french is not very good.
Regards,
Mowcius