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[on:]

Hi,

I have been searching the internet for two solid days now to get an idea of how to do menu options with an LCD. I have included a flow chart of basically what I am trying to accomplish. I am very new to programming, so I am learning as I go. I have also included the code that I have written so far and tried to make notations of what it does and what I am trying to do. So far I have one button doing sort of what I am after. Still a long way off though I am afraid.

The program eventually will basically choose an LED and some options for the LED that will light up a drum when struck through a midi input. Most of the midi stuff has been programmed by someone else and I a trying to interact a 16x2 LCD (4 bit) with it.

It will have five buttons. up, down, right, left and center (store). I don't think that I am on the right path for the buttons and accessing menu options, so if any of you has some advice I could sure use some help.

Thanks
Jeremy

HERE is a mostly completed schematic. Still have some tweaking to do on it.

Code:

/*
   LCD portion of the code. Sets up the pins
   and intro screen.
  
  The circuit:
  * LCD RS pin to digital pin 2
  * LCD Enable pin to digital pin 3
  * LCD D4 pin to digital pin 4
  * LCD D5 pin to digital pin 5
  * LCD D6 pin to digital pin 6
  * LCD D7 pin to digital pin 7
  * 10K resistor:
    * ends to +5V and ground
    * wiper to LCD VO pin (pin 3)
  
  http://www.arduino.cc/en/Tutorial/LiquidCrystal
  
  */

 // include the library code:
 #include <LiquidCrystal.h>

 // initialize the 4 bit LCD library with the numbers of the interface pins
 LiquidCrystal lcd(2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7);
 
 // constants won't change. They're used here to
 // set pin numbers:

const int ledPin =  13;      // the number of the LED pin

int switchPin1 =12;              // switch1 is connected to pin 12
int switchPin2 =11;              // switch2 is connected to pin 11
int switchPin3 =10;              // switch3 is connected to pin 10
int switchPin4 =9;              // switch4 is connected to pin 9
int switchPin5 =8;              // switch5 is connected to pin 8

int led1Pin = 13;
int led2Pin = 8;
int led3Pin = 9;
int led4Pin = 10;
int led5Pin = 12;

int val;                        // variable for reading the pin status
int val2;                       // variable for reading the delayed status
int buttonState;                // variable to hold the button state

int lightMode = 0;              // What mode is the light in?



//++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 
 void setup() {
  
   //LCD SETUP
  
   // set up the LCD's number of rows and columns:
   lcd.begin(16, 2);
  
   // Print a message to the LCD.
   lcd.print("**MIDI NIGHTS**");
   delay (1000);
   lcd.setCursor(0, 4);
   lcd.print("LED Menu Options");
   delay (1000);
   lcd.clear();
    
     // resets cursor position
   lcd.setCursor(0, 4);
   lcd.print("    Use right/left buttons to select LED    ");
   delay (20);
  
     // scroll 150 positions (string length) to the left
     // to move it offscreen left:
  for (int positionCounter = 0; positionCounter < 27; positionCounter++) {
     // scroll one position left:
    lcd.scrollDisplayLeft();
     // wait a bit:
    delay(50);
  }
  lcd.clear();    //clear screen and reset cursor
  lcd.setCursor(1, 9);
  lcd.print("Select LED < >");  //Select desired LED
  delay (4000);    // delays on this screen then goes to led choices
  
  //BUTTON SETUP
  
  pinMode(switchPin1, INPUT);    // Set the switch pin as input for menu right
  pinMode(switchPin2, INPUT);    // Set the switch pin as input for menu left
  pinMode(switchPin3, INPUT);    // Set the switch pin as input for menu up
  pinMode(switchPin4, INPUT);    // Set the switch pin as input for menu down
  pinMode(switchPin5, INPUT);    // Set the switch pin as input for menu store

  pinMode(led1Pin, OUTPUT);     // leds outputs that will eventually become the LEDs 1-33 (11 LED selections with three colors each)
  pinMode(led2Pin, OUTPUT);     // right now they each button press lights up the same light
  pinMode(led3Pin, OUTPUT);     // ultimate goal is to charlieplex with decoder and latches
  pinMode(led4Pin, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(led5Pin, OUTPUT);
  
  Serial.begin(9600);           // Set up serial communication at 9600bps
  buttonState = digitalRead(switchPin1);   // read the initial state
}


//++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++

 void loop() {
  val = digitalRead(switchPin1);      // read input value and store it in val
  delay(10);                         // 10 milliseconds is a good amount of time
  val2 = digitalRead(switchPin1);     // read the input again to check for bounces
  if (val == val2) {                 // make sure we got 2 consistant readings!
    if (val != buttonState) {          // the button state has changed!
      if (val == LOW) {                // check if the button is pressed
        if (lightMode == 0) {          // if its off
          lightMode = 1;               // turn light on!
        } else {
          if (lightMode == 1) {        //
            lightMode = 2;             //
          } else {
            if (lightMode == 2) {      //
              lightMode = 3;           //
              } else {
                if (lightMode == 3) {      //
                  lightMode = 4;           //
                  } else {
                    if (lightMode == 4) {      //
                      lightMode = 5;           //
                         } else {
                    if (lightMode == 5) { //  
                        lightMode = 0;           //
                  }
                }
              }
          }
          }
        }
      }
    }
    buttonState = val;                 // save the new state in our variable
  }

  // Now do whatever the lightMode indicates
  if (lightMode == 0) { // LED on
    digitalWrite(led1Pin, HIGH);
    lcd.clear();
    lcd.print("LED 1");
    delay (100);
    
  }

  if (lightMode == 1) {             // LED on
    digitalWrite(led1Pin, HIGH);    //turns on LED
    lcd.clear();                    // clears screen
    lcd.print("LED 2");             // name of led
    delay (100);                    // delay to keep the lCD from flashing so much while looping, not exactly what I am after
  }

  if (lightMode == 2) { // LED on
    digitalWrite(led1Pin, HIGH);
    lcd.clear();
    lcd.print("LED 3");
    delay (100);
  }
  if (lightMode == 3)  { // LED on
    digitalWrite(led1Pin, HIGH);
    lcd.clear();
    lcd.print("LED 4");
    delay (100);
  }
if (lightMode == 4)  { // LED on
    digitalWrite(led1Pin, HIGH);
    lcd.clear();
    lcd.print("LED 5");
    delay (100);
  }  
if (lightMode == 5)  { // LED on
    digitalWrite(led1Pin, HIGH);
    lcd.clear();
    lcd.print("LED 6");
    delay (100);
  }
}

[Reply #1 on:]

Code:

if (lightMode == 0) {          // if its off
          lightMode = 1;               // turn light on!
        } else {
          if (lightMode == 1) {        //
            lightMode = 2;             //
          } else {
            if (lightMode == 2) {      //
              lightMode = 3;           //
              } else {
                if (lightMode == 3) {      //
                  lightMode = 4;           //
                  } else {
                    if (lightMode == 4) {      //
                      lightMode = 5;           //
                         } else {
                    if (lightMode == 5) { //  
                        lightMode = 0;           //
                  }

Can I introduce you to Mr Switch statement?
http://arduino.cc/en/Reference/SwitchCase

or even Ms Modulo?
http://arduino.cc/en/Reference/Modulo

One other minor thing:

Code:

// constants won't change. They're used here to
 // set pin numbers:

const int ledPin =  13;      // the number of the LED pin

int switchPin1 =12;              // switch1 is connected to pin 12
int switchPin2 =11;              // switch2 is connected to pin 11
int switchPin3 =10;              // switch3 is connected to pin 10
int switchPin4 =9;              // switch4 is connected to pin 9
int switchPin5 =8;              // switch5 is connected to pin 8

int led1Pin = 13;
int led2Pin = 8;
int led3Pin = 9;
int led4Pin = 10;
int led5Pin = 12;

As per the comment, does this mean you plan on dynamically moving these led and switch pins?

[Reply #2 on:]

Hi Groove,

I have looked over the switch/case tutorial and googled everything I can find on it and I am just not sure how to implement it. I am confused as to what all needs to be included. Everything I tried kicked back errors.

I am not sure what you mean by dynamically moving the led's and switch pins, but I don't think so. I guess they could all be constants. I think I just had some remnants left over from something else I tried which may lead to confusion with the variables. I will have three led's in each drum. Each a different color. I want to be able to select one of these three colors. I should have probably labeled it "Snare", "Tom" or "Cymbal" instead of LED1, LED2 and LED3 and so forth. The buttons will be there to access each drum light and pick one of three colors mounted in that drum.

Thanks for taking the time to look this over!

[Reply #3 on:]

Code:

switch (lightMode) {
    case 0: lightMode = 1; break;
    case 1: lightMode = 2; break;
    case 2: lightMode = 3; break;
    case 3: lightMode = 4; break;
    case 4: lightMode = 5; break;
    case 5: lightMode = 0; break;
}

or even more succinct:

Code:

lightMode = (lightMode + 1) % 6;

[Reply #4 on:]

OK, I got it to actually do something. However, I am not sure how to implement the button, so it is not waiting for a button push. It is simply looping through the LED menu. I am assuming an "if" statement of some sort within each case?

Here is the revised code.

Thanks for your helpfulness. It means a lot!!

Code:

/*
   LCD portion of the code. Sets up the pins
   and intro screen.
  
  The circuit:
  * LCD RS pin to digital pin 2
  * LCD Enable pin to digital pin 3
  * LCD D4 pin to digital pin 4
  * LCD D5 pin to digital pin 5
  * LCD D6 pin to digital pin 6
  * LCD D7 pin to digital pin 7
  * 10K resistor:
    * ends to +5V and ground
    * wiper to LCD VO pin (pin 3)
  
  http://www.arduino.cc/en/Tutorial/LiquidCrystal
  
  */

 // include the library code:
 #include <LiquidCrystal.h>

 // initialize the 4 bit LCD library with the numbers of the interface pins
 LiquidCrystal lcd(2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7);
 

 // set pin numbers:


int switchPin1 =12;              // switch1 is connected to pin 12
int switchPin2 =11;              // switch2 is connected to pin 11
int switchPin3 =10;              // switch3 is connected to pin 10
int switchPin4 =9;              // switch4 is connected to pin 9
int switchPin5 =8;              // switch5 is connected to pin 8

int led1Pin = 13;
int led2Pin = 8;
int led3Pin = 9;
int led4Pin = 10;
int led5Pin = 1;

int val;                        // variable for reading the pin status
int val2;                       // variable for reading the delayed status
int buttonState;                // variable to hold the button state

int lightMode;                 // What mode is the light in?



//++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 
 void setup() {
  
   //LCD SETUP
  
   // set up the LCD's number of rows and columns:
   lcd.begin(16, 2);
  
   // Print a message to the LCD.
   lcd.print("**MIDI NIGHTS**");
   delay (1000);
   lcd.setCursor(0, 4);
   lcd.print("LED Menu Options");
   delay (1000);
   lcd.clear();
    
     // resets cursor position
   lcd.setCursor(0, 4);
   lcd.print("    Use right/left buttons to select LED    ");
   delay (20);
  
     // scroll 150 positions (string length) to the left
     // to move it offscreen left:
  for (int positionCounter = 0; positionCounter < 27; positionCounter++) {
     // scroll one position left:
    lcd.scrollDisplayLeft();
     // wait a bit:
    delay(50);
  }
  lcd.clear();    //clear screen and reset cursor
  lcd.setCursor(1, 9);
  lcd.print("Select LED < >");  //Select desired LED
  delay (4000);    // delays on this screen then goes to led choices
  
  //BUTTON SETUP
  
  pinMode(switchPin1, INPUT);    // Set the switch pin as input for menu right
  pinMode(switchPin2, INPUT);    // Set the switch pin as input for menu left
  pinMode(switchPin3, INPUT);    // Set the switch pin as input for menu up
  pinMode(switchPin4, INPUT);    // Set the switch pin as input for menu down
  pinMode(switchPin5, INPUT);    // Set the switch pin as input for menu store

  pinMode(led1Pin, OUTPUT);     // leds outputs that will eventually become the LEDs 1-33 (11 LED selections with three colors each)
  pinMode(led2Pin, OUTPUT);     // right now they each button press lights up the same light
  pinMode(led3Pin, OUTPUT);     // ultimate goal is to charlieplex with decoder and latches
  pinMode(led4Pin, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(led5Pin, OUTPUT);
  
  Serial.begin(9600);           // Set up serial communication at 9600bps
  buttonState = digitalRead(switchPin1);   // read the initial state
}


//++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++

 void loop() {

switch (lightMode){
                                    // Now do whatever the lightMode indicates
  case 0: lightMode = 1;  
    digitalWrite(led1Pin, HIGH);
    lcd.clear();
    lcd.print("LED 1");
    delay (100);
    break;


  case 1: lightMode = 2;            
    digitalWrite(led1Pin, HIGH);    //turns on LED
    lcd.clear();                    // clears screen
    lcd.print("LED 2");             // name of led
    delay (100);                    // delay to keep the lCD from flashing so much while looping, not exactly what I am after
    break;
  

  case 2: lightMode = 3;  
    digitalWrite(led1Pin, HIGH);
    lcd.clear();
    lcd.print("LED 3");
    delay (100);
    break;
  
  case 3: lightMode = 4;  
    digitalWrite(led1Pin, HIGH);
    lcd.clear();
    lcd.print("LED 4");
    delay (100);
    break;
  
  case 4: lightMode = 5;  
    digitalWrite(led1Pin, HIGH);
    lcd.clear();
    lcd.print("LED 5");
    delay (100);
    break;
  
  case 5: lightMode = 6;  
    digitalWrite(led1Pin, HIGH);
    lcd.clear();
    lcd.print("LED 6");
    delay (100);
 
  case 6: lightMode = 0;
  break;
  }
}

[Reply #5 on:]

Wow, that was brutal, but I finally got a switch case situation to work. I believe I can start actually coding something now! :

Here is the very basic code:

Code:

// include the library code:
 #include <LiquidCrystal.h>

 // initialize the 4 bit LCD library with the numbers of the interface pins
 LiquidCrystal lcd(2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7);

//first define states with obvious names and different values
#define START 0
#define RED 1
#define BLUE 2
//next define which pin is which
#define RED_PIN 9
#define BLUE_PIN 10


int buttonState = 0;
int switchPin = 11;              // switch is connected to pin 2
int val;                        // variable for reading the pin status
int val2;
int lightMode = 0;              // What mode is the light in?
int state = START; //create state variable and initialize it to START state

  
//+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++  
void setup() {
  
   //LCD SETUP
  
   // set up the LCD's number of rows and columns:
   lcd.begin(16, 2);
  
   // Print a message to the LCD.
  
   lcd.print("**MIDI NIGHTS**");
   delay (1000);
   lcd.setCursor(0, 4);
   lcd.print("LED Menu Options");
   delay (1000);
   lcd.clear();
    
     // resets cursor position
   lcd.setCursor(0, 4);
   lcd.print("    Use right/left buttons to select LED    ");
   delay (20);
  
     // scroll 150 positions (string length) to the left
     // to move it offscreen left:
    for (int positionCounter = 0; positionCounter < 27; positionCounter++) {
     // scroll one position left:
    lcd.scrollDisplayLeft();
     // wait a bit:
    delay(50);
    }
{
  delay (300);
  lcd.clear();    //clear screen and reset cursor
  lcd.setCursor(1, 9);
  lcd.print("Select LED < >");  //Select desired LED
  delay(2000);
}
pinMode(RED_PIN, OUTPUT);
pinMode(BLUE_PIN, OUTPUT);
digitalWrite(BLUE_PIN,LOW); //turn blue led off
digitalWrite(RED_PIN,LOW); //turn red led off
pinMode(switchPin, INPUT);    // Set the switch pin as input


Serial.begin(9600);           // Set up serial communication at 9600bps

}

//++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++


void loop(){
buttonState = digitalRead(switchPin);
  
  if (buttonState == LOW){
    }
 else {
  //FSM time
switch(state){
case START:
    lcd.clear();
    lcd.print("Snare");
    digitalWrite(BLUE_PIN,LOW); //turn blue led off
    digitalWrite(RED_PIN,LOW); //turn red led off
    delay(100); //wait 100ms
    state = RED; //transition to red state
    break; //end of START case
  case RED:
    lcd.clear();
    lcd.print("TOM1");
    digitalWrite(BLUE_PIN,LOW); //turn blue led off
    digitalWrite(RED_PIN,HIGH); //turn red led on
    delay(200); //wait 200ms
    state = BLUE; //transition to blue state
    break; //end of RED case
  case BLUE:
    lcd.clear();
    lcd.print("TOM2");
    digitalWrite(RED_PIN,LOW); //turn red led off
    digitalWrite(BLUE_PIN,HIGH); //turn blue led on
    delay(200); //wait 200ms
    state = START; //transition to start state
    break; //end of BLUE case
  }
}
}

[Reply #6 on:]

You have this:

Code:

 if (buttonState == LOW){
    }
 else {

Why not simply:

Code:

if(buttonState == HIGH){

[Reply #7 on:]

Ha Ha, yep that works too. Thanks! 8-)

I am now trying to nest a second switch/case into the first case "Start" and I a can't get any reaction from it. I think I have some of the {} in the wrong places. Any thoughts?

Code:

#include <Button.h>

 // include the library code:
 #include <LiquidCrystal.h>

 // initialize the 4 bit LCD library with the numbers of the interface pins
 LiquidCrystal lcd(2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7);

//first define states with obvious names and different values
#define START 0
#define RED 1
#define BLUE 2
#define START2 0
#define RED2 1
#define BLUE2 2
//next define which pin is which
#define RED_PIN 9
#define BLUE_PIN 10


int buttonState = 0;
int buttonState2 = 0;
int switchPin = 11;              // switch is connected to pin 11
int switchPin2 = 12;            // switch is connected to pin 12

int state = START; //create state variable and initialize it to START state
int state2 = START2; //create state variable and initialize it to START state

  
//+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++  
void setup() {
  
   //LCD SETUP
  
   // set up the LCD's number of rows and columns:
   lcd.begin(16, 2);
  
   // Print a message to the LCD.
  
   lcd.print("**MIDI NIGHTS**");
   delay (1000);
   lcd.setCursor(0, 4);
   lcd.print("LED Menu Options");
   delay (1000);
   lcd.clear();
    
     // resets cursor position
   lcd.setCursor(0, 4);
   lcd.print("    Use right/left buttons to select LED    ");
   delay (20);
  
     // scroll 150 positions (string length) to the left
     // to move it offscreen left:
    for (int positionCounter = 0; positionCounter < 27; positionCounter++) {
     // scroll one position left:
    lcd.scrollDisplayLeft();
     // wait a bit:
    delay(50);
    }
{
  delay (300);
  lcd.clear();    //clear screen and reset cursor
  lcd.setCursor(1, 9);
  lcd.print("Select LED < >");  //Select desired LED
  delay(2000);
}
pinMode(RED_PIN, OUTPUT);
pinMode(BLUE_PIN, OUTPUT);
digitalWrite(BLUE_PIN,LOW); //turn blue led off
digitalWrite(RED_PIN,LOW); //turn red led off
pinMode(switchPin, INPUT);    // Set the switch pin as input
pinMode(switchPin2, INPUT);    // Set the switch pin as input

Serial.begin(9600);           // Set up serial communication at 9600bps

}

//++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++


void loop(){
buttonState = digitalRead(switchPin);
buttonState2 = digitalRead(switchPin2);

  if (buttonState == HIGH){
  //FSM time
switch(state){
case START:
    lcd.clear();
    lcd.print("Snare");
    digitalWrite(BLUE_PIN,LOW); //turn blue led off
    digitalWrite(RED_PIN,LOW); //turn red led off
    delay(100); //wait 100ms
 
                    
          if (buttonState2 == HIGH)
        switch(state2){
            case START2:
                lcd.clear();
                lcd.print("Color 1");
                state2 = RED2; //transition to red state
                break; //end of START case
            case RED2:
                lcd.clear();
                lcd.print("Color 2");
                state2 = BLUE2; //transition to blue state
                break; //end of RED case
            case BLUE2:
                lcd.clear();
                lcd.print("Color 3");
                state2 = START2; //transition to start state
                break; //end of BLUE case
        }
    state = RED; //transition to red state    
    break; //end of START case              
  

    
  case RED:
    lcd.clear();
    lcd.print("TOM1");
    digitalWrite(BLUE_PIN,LOW); //turn blue led off
    digitalWrite(RED_PIN,HIGH); //turn red led on
    delay(200); //wait 200ms
    state = BLUE; //transition to blue state
    break; //end of RED case
  case BLUE:
    lcd.clear();
    lcd.print("TOM2");
    digitalWrite(RED_PIN,LOW); //turn red led off
    digitalWrite(BLUE_PIN,HIGH); //turn blue led on
    delay(200); //wait 200ms
    state = START; //transition to start state
    break; //end of BLUE case
  }
}
}

[Reply #8 on:]

Code:

if (buttonState2 == HIGH)
[glow]{
[/glow]        switch(state2){
            case START2:
                lcd.clear();
                lcd.print("Color 1");
                state2 = RED2; //transition to red state
                break; //end of START case
            case RED2:
                lcd.clear();
                lcd.print("Color 2");
                state2 = BLUE2; //transition to blue state
                break; //end of RED case
            case BLUE2:
                lcd.clear();
                lcd.print("Color 3");
                state2 = START2; //transition to start state
                break; //end of BLUE case
        }
[glow]}[/glow]

[Reply #9 on:]

I tried that, but nothing changed. Any other ideas or possible errors in my code?

Thank you for looking at this for my PaulS!

[Reply #10 on:]

The code, as you have it written, requires that you have both buttons pressed. Do you?

[Reply #11 on:]

No, I wasn't. I guess I need to change "buttonState" back to low before I can use "buttonState2" by itself?

[Reply #12 on:]

I tried that, but nothing changed

That's because they're not required.

[Reply #13 on:]

Is there another way I can write "buttonState" at the beginning of the loop so that I can bring it back to LOW during the second switch/case?

[Reply #14 on:]

What you could do is move the button 2 code after the end of the button 1 switch statement, and execute the code if state == RED.