skyflyerblue:
I can find no mention of these terms whatsoever, and as Arduino appears to be aimed at the hobby world
The Arduino uses standard C++ coupled with some specialized functions (such as digitalRead() )to make it easier for newbies to use the system.
The Arduino Reference system describes the Arduino-specific functions.
For information about the more general aspects of the C++ language I refer to the cplusplus website
...R