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Disable the processor. The best option is to remove the processor from the board (with the power removed). If you cannot or would prefer not to remove the processor, connect a jumper wire between RESET and GND. This will hold the processor in reset preventing it from running.
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Jumper TX to RX.
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Apply power to the board.
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Start your favourite terminal application. Serial Monitor will work fine.
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Ensure your terminal application is connected to the correct serial port. The baud rate is irrelevant.
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Type. As you type, the characters should be echoed to the screen.