Do not use that circuit... It's a special circuit that supplies DC power to an electret microphone. You do not want to feed DC power into your guitar's pick-up coil. It also probably has way too much gain (except when the gain is turned way down).
The TLO82 is fine if you want to build a preamp.
With the proper impedance (1 Megohm or more) an electric guitar will put-out about 1 volt, and
you may not need a preamp. (The Arduino's ADC has very-high input impedance.)
If you are driving a regular power amp (with an typical input impedance of 10K - 100K) a
buffer amplifier made with any standard op-amp will give you high input-impedance and low output-impedance, but with no signal gain (gain =1.0).
If you do need some gain/amplification, a
non-inverting amplifier made with any op-amp will have very-high input impedance, and a gain 10 or less should be sufficient.