Whoop--one quick look at the actual hardware solved this problem. to answer my own question, it looks like either an ATMega32u4-MU or an ATMega32u4-AU may be soldered onto the board as the primary microcontroller.
I'm assuming that a shortage of *-AUs would just prompt the robot board manufacturers to switch to the *-MU package, or vice versa. This "feature" ends up looking like two ATMega32u4s are on each board, which is a bit misleading.