Turning a range of values into a single value leaves correct behind. Say hello to best fit.
If it does not work in theory, it will never work in practice.
Say hello to best fit.
If the ADC outputs 0 counts for 0V...
...at what voltage does it output 1 count?
What is the lowest voltage (in microvolts) that will produce an output of 1 count from the ADC?
The width of each "box" will be 5v / 1023 (or 5v / 1024 - take your pick)
Is there agreement that from 0 to (Vref / (2^bits)) / 2 the output is 0
That is not how they work. That is also not what I wrote.