... exa[m]ple files of the library...
Except for a couple of missing '}' braces and the missing empty
loop() function, that is the Arduino SD library ReadWrite example sketch, right?
That example sketch works for me on an "official" Arduino Duemilanove with an "official" Arduino Ethernet Shield Version 5 (the one with the microSD socket), using a 4 Gigabyte micro SDHC card formatted (as it came from the factory) as "FAT32"
I can read and write the card using various card readers on my Windows XP and Linux workstations.
Originally there was no file named "test.txt" but one was created the first time I ran the sketch. The file contained the single line "testing 1, 2, 3."
Each time I run the sketch it appends another "testing 1, 2, 3." line to the file.
So...
If you are, indeed, using the ReadWrite example sketch from the Arduino SD library, the question is: What is your hardware setup? What Arduino? What Shield? Is there anything else plugged into/onto your Arduino?
What sketch(es) did you run to verify that your setup can read from the microSD card?
Regards,
Dave