Yes, I agree. This is a good thing. Just flip that nano over on it's back and look at the diode under the USB connector that you may have fried. If it is a cheap Chinese knock off Nano that looks like this, here is the layout:
https://www.instructables.com/id/Arduino-Nano-ATmega238PCH340G-v30-PCB-layout/If it is a genuine Nano, the USB-to-serial chip is probably different and some of the other components may be in different places. You can just follow the traces and see where they go, and compare to the schematic to figure it out. Use an ohm meter to check components, unless there is an obvious smoking hole in a diode or something like that. Visual inspection, and electronic troubleshooting. Order any parts you need from Mouser or Aliexpress. If you don't fix it, put it in a bone yard bag or box like I do, then you'll have boards you can salvage parts from to fix other boards.
Finally, just because you can't program it from USB any more doesn't mean it is useless. You can use an external FTDI adapter, or an ISP programmer or another Arduino loaded with the Arduino as ISP script to program it. More stuff to learn about.