I could solve the problem by getting this device https://fr.aliexpress.com/item/32968876164.html
Here is my experience:
- First surprised because I did not know how to connect the small 2*5 connector since I was not really certain of the pinout. This sentiment was reinforced because I could not find Vcc on any pins.
- Finally, I suppose this was done on purpose to avoid any wrong connection. The board to program has to have its own power.
- Also badly surprised by having to install a 1 Gb resource, the Microchip Studio for SAM and AVR devices to get the drivers. The installation is heavy and takes quite a lot of time.
After this the programmer was correctly enumerated as a "Microchip Tools/ Atmel ICE Data Gateway» and I could upload the bootloader and use again the board.
Now it enumerates directly as an "Arduino M0 native port".
Of course, the need to power the board while programming it with Atmel ICE is not very nice and I will probably continue using the USB/bootloader upload option.
Thanks for the help.