Using ONEDRIVE has always been fraught with random issues.
You may have better luck using the SYNC mode for onedrive.
That will allow you to keep local copies and run those but will sync with one drive to keep a copy on there.
If the computers are close enough also consider a shared folder which can be a more robust version of sharing than onedrive.
That folder is configured to store files locally and sync to the cloud.
Considered a shared folder, but now that I'm no longer running a domain internally, shares are cumbersome, but mostly it would also make me use my VPN when I'm travelling and I'd lose the versioning/file history I get from OneDrive.
I'm mostly trying to figure out why it was working a month ago and not now rather than changing my configurations. I do not allow automatic Windows updates but ran the update last week, so I might revert to a backup from when it was working to see if Windows is the issue (though, if that's the outcome, I'm hosed for Windows updates).