Good morning. I am sure this has been covered but I could not find the answer, at least in a way I could understand. I am trying to shift 12v automotive to an ESP32 usable 3.3v. Originally I was using an Arduino Uno and 5v was sufficient so the TI CD74HC4050PWR was sufficient for the 6 inputs and 2x VNQ7050AJTRs was sufficient for the 7 outputs. I would like to transition to the ESP32 module and need something to get me to 3.3v. As I have 13 INPUTS and OUTPUTS, I would rather not use 13 transistors or MOSFETS and associated components. Nor do I want to use prefab bi-directional logic level converter modules. I found the TXS0108EPWR as an option as a pass through to/from the ESP32 but am hoping there is something out there I am missing that will do the 12 to 3.3 shift as a single IC (or better options than what I have now).
From the datasheet, the maximum input voltage at the high side is 5.5V; that will not work with 12V.
Note:
I'm not that familiar with what exists in the electronics world so can't give alternatives.
How fast are the signals.
Maybe a simple voltage divider (two resistors) will work.
An opto coupler could be another option.
Leo..
there are indeed 12V Optocouplers or you can use a transistor.
Thanks for all the responses. Especially, the one where I missed the 3.3v input! ( ilguargua)
What I did find, which always seems to be the case once I post something, is the
TPS4H160BQPWPRQ1. A high-side switch that will take 3.3v-5v input and can handle high amps and much higher voltage than I will need.
So with the CD74HC4050PWR on the input and the TPS4H160BQPWPRQ1 on the output, I think I have the ESP32 successfully incorporated for my 12v use!
Sorry to say your automobile is not a 12V system. It contains one of the worst electrical systems on the earth for noise. Here is some reading I suggest you read before going to far. Also I hope this is not for a vehicle on the road.
Valuable Resources for Automotive Electronics:
- STMicroelectronics Application Note AN2689:
This application note provides guidelines on protecting automotive electronics from electrical hazards, focusing on design and component selection. Reading this will greatly enhance your understanding of automotive circuit protection.
Read AN2689 - Analog Devices: Automotive Electronics Design:
This article distills key insights into designing automotive electronics, offering practical advice for engineers.
Read the article - Diodes Incorporated: Transient Voltage Suppression in Automotive:
Learn about techniques to protect automotive circuits from transient voltage, which is critical for ensuring reliable operation in harsh conditions.
Read the article - AEC-100 Standards Webinar:
This webinar from Monolithic Power Systems provides a detailed overview of AEC standards, essential for understanding automotive electronics requirements.
Watch the webinar - Understanding Automotive Electronics, An Engineering Perspective by William B. Ribbens:
This comprehensive book offers an in-depth look into automotive electronics from an engineering perspective, making it an invaluable resource.
Access the book - Check this for OBD ISO9141 Code Meaning & How To Fix
It appears that my module can safely handle the vehicle voltages and does not connect to anything safety related, so I think I will be okay. Thanks for your concern.
Did you look at the Vil and Vih when you use it at 3.3V
not sure i follow....
Are those levels OK for your application?
They are very low.
I think it will work with my ESP32 DEV board. But there is only one way to find out...
going to make a couple of breakout boards to use on my bench testing.
It's not the output voltage that is the problem it is the input voltage.
The Vil at 3.3V will be only 900mV. That is not much of a noise margin with a 12V input
When you used it at 5V the Vil was 1.6V.
we will see. I guess that is one of the drawbacks of trying to switch from Adruino Uno to ESP32. ![]()
Since most Arduino related hobby modules are intended for 5V, the 3.3V ESP does present a problem for many users.
It will, but consider what jim-p and gilshultz told you, so use "strong" pull-down resistor on your inputs, at least few Kohm, anyway the lower that your source can afford (without exceeding).
Ciao, Ale.
Absolutely. Thanks for the comment.
Sir - I was trying to understand your comments better (NOT an EE) and I could not find the numbers you referred to on the CD74HC4050PWR datasheet. I am trying to better understand this chip and datasheets in general, so:
The way I understand how the chip works is that a -0.5V-16V (in this case 12V) input trigger activates Vcc (-0.5V-7V) to be output on the relative pin (Voh??). In this case Voh which is not specified for 3.3V but the 2V and 4.5V specs indicate a 0.1V drop so my output pin should read 3.2V. That coupled with a 10K resistor should easily work with the ESP32 microP.
Am I missing something or interpreting the datasheet incorrectly?
Thanks again for helping me learn and understand.
You can interpolate between the Vccs and the min and max parameters, to find the values at different voltages.
If you use Vcc=3.3V and since that is about halfway between 2V and 4.5V, then Vil and Vih will also be halfway between the values for the given Vccs
So Vil will be about 0.925V and Vih will be about 2.33V.
What that means, is that for the output to be LOW, the input must be less than 0.925V. If your input is just a little noisy you could get false HIGH levels on the output.
Okay, but why the focus on low level input? The input will be 12V, which I consider high level input. According to the top of that page, Vcc and the input voltages 2 different things.

