16x2 LCD "how to display potentiometer MIDI values 0-127"

Start simple

Try this

int previousPotValue = analogRead(A7);

void setup()
{
  Serial.begin(115200);
}

void loop()
{
  int currentPotValue = analogRead(A7);
  if (currentPotValue != previousPotValue)
  {
    Serial.print("pot value changed to ");
    Serial.println(currentPotValue);
  }
  previousPotValue = currentPotValue;
}