Mikey3011:
I've made a few alterations to the circuit and looked into a few more MOSFETs and this one has +-16V MAX, would this be suitable for the intended use?
Of course not, as you're switching 24V.
Do a search on Digikey, you for sure can find something suitable for your requirements (logic level, V(DS), current). There are some really beefy MOSFETs out there that can still be switched with 5V gate levels.
Otherwise you need a driver circuit, e.g. use an optocoupler to pull the gate up to 24V (if that's allowed - check spec sheet).