5 volt voltage regulator to Arduino Nano USB

But i have read that if you don't power arduino with the USB, the FTDI chip doesn´t work and the 3.3v pin neither,

The schematic does not support that - if the voltage source is Vin, than 5v is created by the onboard regulator, and the FTDI chip is powered. USB power is only available if Vusb is greater then the output of the 5V regulator.