A general help *Completely new to Arduino*

What everyone is trying to tell you is that..

you do -not- need that board.

A normal ESP8266-01 module might not enough I/O pins for your needs? So maybe looking a ESP822-12 board..

They can be used/programmed just like an Arduino. (So there is no -need- for an Arduino)..

You can use the same IDE.. and you can (most of) the same libraries.

So whatever you want to do on an Arduino, can be done on the ESP board itself.. (not to mention the ESP boards are like $2-3.00 USD!)

And while I see you responded.. I'm not sure 'art project' really explains why there is a need for more than 1 board?
Even visually? From your requirement list that Robin2 summarized for you/us...

I would assume this can all be done with just 1 board.

Is there some sort of user interaction that triggers this 'data retrieval'? Maybe thats why you think you need 3+ boards?
(You could just place a button/sensor at those locations.. instead of needing full boards.