A metal sensor in the ground?

Using Arduino Sensors
1 
[b]Hello I want help with how a metal detector works through arduino 
 
Feel the minerals in the ground from a depth of 1 meter to a depth of 10 meters and determine the type of metal 

Some friends suggested to me the idea of using ultrasound and converting it into an image such as a fetal 

examination device used by doctors but by using arduino 

I wish the experts help me in this project for the utmost necessity.[/b]
2

Ground-penetrating radar?
Not down to 10 metres though, and not with an Arduino.

3

The maximum distance can be used where arduino
To detect minerals in the ground
And can I use ultrasonic sound with arduino ?

4

The problem here is not the Arduino - you need to look at the basics of the techniques you suggest and whether they will work . What’s already out there , how does it work ?
It’s a bit like asking “ I want to use an Arduino and stick my finger in the air to measure wind speed”

If you find something , I doubt an Arduino would be upto
Doing the maths

5

sameralsoub:
Hello I want help with how a metal detector works through arduino

Feel the minerals in the ground from a depth of 1 meter to a depth of 10 meters and determine the type of metal

10 metres? Standard metal detection isn't viable for that. You probably need a combination of
GPR and conductance mapping.

Some friends suggested to me the idea of using ultrasound and converting it into an image such as a fetal

examination device used by doctors but by using arduino

Won't work on loose earth/soil, might work directly into sound bedrock. 10m range is probably impossible
for ultrasound, audible frequencies might fare better.

I wish the experts help me in this project for the utmost necessity.

I suggest reading up on what's possible with ground surveying equipment of various sorts, I suspect
nothing will be cheap that's capable of more than a few tens of cm...

6

Waves from impact (e.g. by using a sledge hammer, or a small explosive for greater range) are commonly used to measure the consistency of soil in combination with geophones - can get quite a good range, but it only told solid rock/cracks/loose soil kind of data, not specific minerals.

GPR is indeed another common technique, which requires a lot more computing power than an Arduino can even dream of. Indeed won't reach 10 meters, and for sure can't detect individual minerals.

Conductivity is another one, but I doubt it can tell you which minerals are in the ground. It detects difference in conductivity, caused by objects in the ground, open spaces like tunnels, higher moisture levels, etc. Large metal objects will definitely show up, but those are no doubt man made objects as pure metals barely exist in nature. Most minerals are non-conductive, so won't show up separately.

It's not just because that one of the main tools of modern day prospectors is the good old gold pan! Suitable for finding many minerals, not just gold.