About nRF24L01 program issues

It also does not work with them, or does it?

Default is a fixed payload size of 32, so I doubt your reasoning here.
I always use dynamic payloads.
The default channel could be too noisy, used, or whatever.

That sound fishy. You should be able to use all three on a NRF24L01+.

That's strange too, but could be caused by interference.

That is a problem of your expectation.
I'm astonished that the transmitter receives something at all.

Robin2 has a tutorial for the NRF24L01+ chips which works.

Which type of Arduino and NRF modules are you using, and how are the NRFs powered?