My project is using an arduino board, an ultrasonic range finder (1-HCSR04) and an LED light strip (red indoor 1 meter 55-7060R-0).
I would like to have the lights activate at a slow heart beat at say 10m/30 feet; faster heart beat at say 6m/18 feet and really fast at say 2m/6 feet. I can get the range finder to read to the computer but can't write the arduino program with 'if' statements or && commands to trigger the lights at different speeds. I have the lights working.
I am an artist not an electronic guy and could use some collaboration with this part of the project. Help!!
So... Everything is wired-up? You can read distances and blink the LEDs? You just can't get the blink speed right?
I can get the range finder to read to the computer but can't write the arduino program with 'if' statements or && commands to trigger the lights at different speeds.
Have you got any code to show us?
Try getting it to work with just 2 speeds first.
If you're not doing this already, use greater-than or less-than to when you're checking distances. Trying to match an exact distance can often cause problems.
Ideally, this is probably a good application for the [u]map()[/u] function. But, if you don't completely understand that function, start with if-statements first.
If you use the map() function, you'll probably want to "constrain" the results so you don't get unreasonable blink times. For example -
if (Distance > 30)
Distance = 30;
Or, you can do something else if the distance is invalid or out or range.
Thanks I will give map a try. The basic program I can get to work is:
Arduino with PIR motion sensor
// For complete project details, visit: Arduino with PIR Motion Sensor | Random Nerd Tutorials
// Modified by Rui Santos based on PIR sensor by Limor Fried
/* HC-SR04 Sensor
https://www.dealextreme.com/p/hc-sr04-ultrasonic-sensor-distance-measuring-module-133696
This sketch reads a HC-SR04 ultrasonic rangefinder and returns the
distance to the closest object in range. To do this, it sends a pulse
to the sensor to initiate a reading, then listens for a pulse
to return. The length of the returning pulse is proportional to
the distance of the object from the sensor.
The circuit:
- VCC connection of the sensor attached to +5V
- GND connection of the sensor attached to ground
- TRIG connection of the sensor attached to digital pin 2
- ECHO connection of the sensor attached to digital pin 4
Original code for Ping))) example was created by David A. Mellis
Adapted for HC-SR04 by Tautvidas Sipavicius
This example code is in the public domain.
*/
const int trigPin = 2;
const int echoPin = 4;
void setup() {
// initialize serial communication:
Serial.begin(9600);
}
void loop()
{
// establish variables for duration of the ping,
// and the distance result in inches and centimeters:
long duration, inches, cm;
// The sensor is triggered by a HIGH pulse of 10 or more microseconds.
// Give a short LOW pulse beforehand to ensure a clean HIGH pulse:
pinMode(trigPin, OUTPUT);
digitalWrite(trigPin, LOW);
delayMicroseconds(2);
digitalWrite(trigPin, HIGH);
delayMicroseconds(10);
digitalWrite(trigPin, LOW);
// Read the signal from the sensor: a HIGH pulse whose
// duration is the time (in microseconds) from the sending
// of the ping to the reception of its echo off of an object.
pinMode(echoPin, INPUT);
duration = pulseIn(echoPin, HIGH);
// convert the time into a distance
inches = microsecondsToInches(duration);
cm = microsecondsToCentimeters(duration);
Serial.print(inches);
Serial.print("in, ");
Serial.print(cm);
Serial.print("cm");
Serial.println();
delay(100);
}
long microsecondsToInches(long microseconds)
{
// According to Parallax's datasheet for the PING))), there are
// 73.746 microseconds per inch (i.e. sound travels at 1130 feet per
// second). This gives the distance travelled by the ping, outbound
// and return, so we divide by 2 to get the distance of the obstacle.
// See: http://www.parallax.com/dl/docs/prod/acc/28015-PING-v1.3.pdf
return microseconds / 74 / 2;
}
long microsecondsToCentimeters(long microseconds)
{
// The speed of sound is 340 m/s or 29 microseconds per centimeter.
// The ping travels out and back, so to find the distance of the
// object we take half of the distance travelled.
return microseconds / 29 / 2;
}
Here ya go:
// For complete project details, visit: http://RandomNerdTutorials.com/pirsensor
// Modified by Rui Santos based on PIR sensor by Limor Fried
/* HC-SR04 Sensor
https://www.dealextreme.com/p/hc-sr04-ultrasonic-sensor-distance-measuring-module-133696
This sketch reads a HC-SR04 ultrasonic rangefinder and returns the
distance to the closest object in range. To do this, it sends a pulse
to the sensor to initiate a reading, then listens for a pulse
to return. The length of the returning pulse is proportional to
the distance of the object from the sensor.
The circuit:
* VCC connection of the sensor attached to +5V
* GND connection of the sensor attached to ground
* TRIG connection of the sensor attached to digital pin 2
* ECHO connection of the sensor attached to digital pin 4
Original code for Ping))) example was created by David A. Mellis
Adapted for HC-SR04 by Tautvidas Sipavicius
This example code is in the public domain.
*/
class Blinker {
byte pin;
int BPM = 0;
byte lubDub = 0;
unsigned long lubDubMs[4];
unsigned long lubDubStartMs = 0;
public:
Blinker(byte pin) : pin(pin) {}
void setup() {
pinMode(pin, OUTPUT);
}
void loop() {
if(BPM == 0) return;
if(millis() - lubDubStartMs < lubDubMs[lubDub]) return;
lubDub = (lubDub + 1) % 4;
digitalWrite(pin, (lubDub % 2)==0 ? HIGH : LOW);
lubDubStartMs = millis();
}
void off() {
BPM = 0;
digitalWrite(pin, LOW);
}
void setRate(int BPMp) {
if(BPMp == BPM) return; // no change
if(BPMp == 0) { // dead
off();
return;
}
BPM = BPMp;
if(BPM > 600) { // also dead, but we'll soldier on :)
// this caps our millisecond period to 100ms
BPM = 600;
}
unsigned long totalMs = 60L * 1000L / BPM;
// I'm not sure how long a 'lub dub' should be. I'll go with 150ms for the 'lub', 100ms for the 'dub',
// and 150ms in between. There should be a pause of (say) 250 after the 'dub'.
// the problem is that this may excced our maximum rate. If it does, we have to compress things :)
// our usual cycle is 600ms, so things start to compress after 100PBM, which seems reasonable
// if the 'compression' > 1, then no compression is needed. We just let the gap after the 'dub'
// take all the slack.
float compress = (float)totalMs / (float)(150 + 150 + 100 + 200);
if(compress > 1) compress = 1;
lubDubMs[0] = 150 * compress;
lubDubMs[1] = 150 * compress;
lubDubMs[2] = 100 * compress;
lubDubMs[3] = totalMs - lubDubMs[0] - lubDubMs[1] - lubDubMs[2];
}
};
const int trigPin = 2;
const int echoPin = 4;
Blinker led(13); // Blinker on pin 13
unsigned long lastPingMs100;
void setup() {
// initialize serial communication:
Serial.begin(9600);
led.setup();
}
void loop() {
led.loop();
if(millis()/100 != lastPingMs100) {
ping();
lastPingMs100 = millis() /100;
}
}
void ping()
{
// establish variables for duration of the ping,
// and the distance result in inches and centimeters:
long duration, inches, cm;
// The sensor is triggered by a HIGH pulse of 10 or more microseconds.
// Give a short LOW pulse beforehand to ensure a clean HIGH pulse:
pinMode(trigPin, OUTPUT);
digitalWrite(trigPin, LOW);
delayMicroseconds(2);
digitalWrite(trigPin, HIGH);
delayMicroseconds(10);
digitalWrite(trigPin, LOW);
// Read the signal from the sensor: a HIGH pulse whose
// duration is the time (in microseconds) from the sending
// of the ping to the reception of its echo off of an object.
pinMode(echoPin, INPUT);
duration = pulseIn(echoPin, HIGH);
// convert the time into a distance
inches = microsecondsToInches(duration);
cm = microsecondsToCentimeters(duration);
Serial.print(inches);
Serial.print("in, ");
Serial.print(cm);
Serial.print("cm");
Serial.println();
// set led rate. You could also compute it using map()
if(inches < 6*12) led.setRate(120);
else if(inches < 30*12) led.setRate(60);
else led.off();
}
long microsecondsToInches(long microseconds)
{
// According to Parallax's datasheet for the PING))), there are
// 73.746 microseconds per inch (i.e. sound travels at 1130 feet per
// second). This gives the distance travelled by the ping, outbound
// and return, so we divide by 2 to get the distance of the obstacle.
// See: http://www.parallax.com/dl/docs/prod/acc/28015-PING-v1.3.pdf
return microseconds / 74 / 2;
}
long microsecondsToCentimeters(long microseconds)
{
// The speed of sound is 340 m/s or 29 microseconds per centimeter.
// The ping travels out and back, so to find the distance of the
// object we take half of the distance travelled.
return microseconds / 29 / 2;
}