I am building a car for a SAE competition at university.
We use electric motors to move cars. We want to measure the longitudinal and lateral acceleration of the car. Which is best among adxl345, mpu6050, and bno055 to measure a car's acceleration? Will there be any interference from the high-voltage battery and motor?
they are different in terms of what they offer
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ADXL345: Accelerometer (3 axis) and being a simpler accelerometer is be less susceptible to EMI
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MPU6050: Gyroscope + accelerometer (6-DoF sensor). Gyroscope signals are sensitive to electromagnetic interference.
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BNO055: Gyroscope + accelerometer + magnetometer (9-DoF sensor). Gyroscope and magnetometer signals are sensitive to electromagnetic interference.
Depending on what you drive from the acceleration data, a simple ADXL345 might be "good enough" but when the chip offers a fusion algorithm, it helps mitigate the effects of noise and other interferences and you get better data.
In that regard the BNO055 offers an fully integrated sensor fusion algorithms and it does provide a calibration process for its magnetometer to compensate for magnetic disturbances in the environment.
I'd say the BNO055 could be a good choice if properly calibrated but it's also more expensive.
In practice I would look at what is the level of quality for the data you are expecting to make a decision
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