Ok, long post, bear with me, hopefully I'm clear.
I have an Arduino Diecimila (#1) which suddenly stopped accepting sketch uploads. Seriously. It running a sketch fine for quite some time. Two weeks later, I wanted to try something out, and then it would not accept a new sketch.
I have another Diecimila (#2) was "factory new". I also happen to have a blank Mega168.
I was trying to figure out why #1 stopped working, so I did the usual things, even going so far as re-program the bootloader, but it's just not accepting uploads. I took it to a different PC, and get with the same results on each machine: avrdude: stk500_disable(): protocol error, expect=0x14, resp=0x51
Now, I had the #2 Diecimila still in the wrapper and the blank Mega168 still on it's bed of antistat foam, both of them sitting around "just in case". So started to do the swap-a-roonie, starting by programming the Diecimila bootloader on that blank Mega168:
Step one: was just to verify that the #2 Diecimila was good. Which it is.
Step two: take the new Mega168 and place it into #2 Diecimila, make sure that the bootloader programmed fined. Which it is.
Step three: Take the processor out of the questionable #1 Diecimila and place it into the #2 known-good Diecimila. No good, and re-program the bootloader, just in case, but still no good.
Step four: Take one of the known-good processors (the fresh one and the one from the known-good #2 Diecimila) and place them both into the questionable #1 Diecimila. No good. I know that the bootloader is fine, because I just tested it in step one above.
So now I seem to be at the conclusion that both the processor and "something else" (probably the FTDI driver) on the questionable #1 Diecimila are hosed. It's driving me up the wall, and I'm skeptical that the two major components would decide to shit the bed at the same time (I'm pretty old-skool, always assume that the operator is at error). So I'd like to ask someone out there to help me test this thing. I'll send you the #1 Diecimila that just does not work, and you see what you can make of this.