Analog read different with external and usb power

The ATmega328p datasheet says

The ADC is optimized for analog signals with an output impedance of approximately 10 kOhms or less. If such a source is used, the sampling time will be negligible. If a source with higher impedance is used, the sampling time will depend on how long time the source needs to charge the S/H capacitor, with can vary widely. The user is recommended to only use low impedance sources with slowly varying signals, since this minimizes the required charge transfer to the S/H capacitor.

The OP is using a 1.2M:100k divider. I'm guessing this has an impedance greater than 10kOhms. Switching between analog inputs will require extra time for the sample/hold capacitor to charge. Reading from the same input a second time allows for more settling time and is helpful with higher impedance inputs.