Architectur SCADA +LCD&keypad

I´m planing a small reactor. And I need therefore controls. And the possibilities to check it with a microcontroller. I need to control 5 variables, 4 of them with feedback and between them just one of them need high frequency of control (not so high I mean, is the air pressure inside a reactor of 1 m3, that can not go down or the reactor will "implode", it is below the atmospheric pressure, i think there is a reaction time of half second).
The variables could be set via SCADA (Scada for Arduino) and via local display : LCD Shield Kit w/ 16x2 Character Display - Only 2 pins used! [BLUE AND WHITE] : ID 772 : $19.95 : Adafruit Industries, Unique & fun DIY electronics and kits.
The SCADA need to store in a Database the values that come from this gas sensor http://www.gassensor.com.cn/product_detail_en/typeid/5/id/44.html. The gas sensor has a answer time of 15 s.
My operative system is Windows, and I do not would learn new ones
My plan was:
-Arduino Uno or Due or Leonardo as micro controller, it communicate with SCADA, with the key pad
-Arduino Arduino Mini 05 without headers dedicated for the pressure.
Questions:
-Main controller is in loop(sensing and control 4 variables) and have to read the values set via Keypad or via Scada for the new is-value. I need to use the interrupt or what?
-If the gas sensor has 15 s answer time, it will hold my controller for the whole time? ( I can avoid it reading every 16 seconds, but just for information)
-Arduino Mini should read the value stored in the main controller eeprom. Therefore should be a third interrupt?
-How I connect Scada to Arduino UNO (I need a ethernet? Arduino have to stay in listening for scada, keypad and Mini?)... could someone of you, give me some advices? what will you do?