Arduino alternative

I thought that it would be fun to learn a little about other platforms, maybe somthing with Linux.

Also it would give me the possiblity to store and represent the collected data on the controller instead of uploading it to a external webserver.

I think the I/O options on the Raspberry Pi are a bit limited, since there are no analog inputs or outputs.

I guess what I am looking for is a Raspberry Pi with the same I/O options as the Arduino, but I don't know if something like this exists.