Charlieplexing will also drastically dim the output of that many LEDs. To regain brightness from 1/10th multiplexing you have to run 10 times the the normal current while refreshing each LED. Charlieplexing would be more like 1/hundreds multiplexing, very dim, and most LEDs are only rated to peak at 10 times the normal current in multiplexing applications. You would need some interesting external hardware to Charlieplex hundreds of LEDs at high current, given the necessary tristate logic. And fitting all the necessary traces in a 1" wide PCB would be a challenge, as halley mentions.
No, I think some form of shift register is the right path here. The STP16DP05 and STP24DP05 are some other interesting chips, basically 16 and 24 output shift registers with current sink regulators for LEDs, up to 80mA each. They don't do PWM, but for a moving device it's something to avoid anyway.