Well its a bit of both really, but mainly the second reason. Its not that I don't know how to solder it but more to do with not having the equipment and I also only have led free solder which I have read is not the best to use
Lead-free solder generally requires a higher temperature (which is easily reached by nearly all normal soldering irons), and I have heard that you aren't supposed to mix it with parts that have had their leads tinned with leaded solder (I don't know how true that is, though).
However you are correct in that it is a good learning process, but it is also expencive if I go worng as I am a student and don't have the most money in the world
Perfectly understandable - if this is the case, then, you should instead practice on other things, before you even think about getting the protoboard - eventually you are going to need to solder, so you might as well get it out of the way first.
If you can find an old PCB (like an old radio or something - just make sure it -isn't- an antique or collectors item before you tackle it), you can practice on it; first learn how to tin your iron and care for it, then learn how to tin wires, then how to solder two wires together. Then learn to solder and desolder wires from your practice PCB. Then, learn how to remove parts from the PCB - and finally, how to put them back on with good solder joints.
If you practice for a few hours over the course of a week, you should be able to pick it up. Here is a good guide; there are also others on the internet (and probably some videos):
http://www.kpsec.freeuk.com/solder.htm
(BTW - the above site is a great site for electronics novices and experts alike - keep it bookmarked!)
My main worry when soldering is that I will damage the components with heat by leaving the soldering iron on it for to long
A valid concern, but there are ways to prevent it. First, don't leave your iron on a pin too long. If something isn't working, move on to the next pin and come back. Second, use an alligator clip on parts like transistors, LEDs, resistors, etc - to wick away the heat (clip it on the legs on the "top" side of the board opposite the solder side). For DIP ICs, you generally don't want to solder them (in case they need to be replaced), so solder a socket in instead, then put the part in the socket. You have to be quick on sockets, headers, and other parts with plastic components (don't want to melt the plastic).
If you practice first, you'll get the hang of how to do it quick without burning or melting things; just remember, if it feels like you've put too much heat on it, remove the iron, blow on it a bit (both sides), then move to another component or lead (if you can, otherwise wait), then return and try again.
