Arduino Rocket Ejection at Certain Altitude

The problem isn't the speed (or not just the speed), it's the amount of signal processing done, and the assumptions in the algorithms. The GPS units are more or less designed with ground travel and auto speeds in mind.

The satellites are LEO, so the elevation angles are low, which results in more error in the Z measurements.

There are GPS units more suited to rocket use, but they're expensive and hard to get.

-j