f should be a pointer to the start of an array of five (or whatever) pointers to ints. Thus, it needs to look like this:
int** f; // dynamic -- use new and delete or malloc and free
int* g[5]; // static -- prefered if you know that it'll be five since memory allocation is evil(tm)
int var1 = 12;
int var2 = 41;
int var3 = 913;
int var4 = 153;
int var5 = 1491;
f = new int*[5]; // C++ way
//f = (int**) malloc(5 * sizeof(int*)); // C way
for (int i=0; i<5; i++) {
Serial.println(*f[i]);
f[i]++;
}
Serial.println(var1);
Serial.println(var2);
Serial.println(var3);
Serial.println(var4);
Serial.println(var5);
delete f[]; // C++ way
//free(f); // C way I think