Buy an Uno.
Install the IDE and play around with the example sketches. Get to understand them.
Look at some examples for switches. Get your "override" switch working...
get a real-time clock (RTC) and get it working
get a temperature sensor and get it working
get a light detector and get it working
Figure out how you are going to open/close your skylight - it will take a lot of power, more than the Arduino can deliver.
Then start incorporating it all together. I'd say this is a pretty ambitious first project - Good Luck!
I only have to do a prototype and not the full project, thankfully so i don't need to worry about getting the correct actuator.
It is just the control system that i have to concentrate on.
thanks for your guidance