You should never use the Aref pin to power things.
The pin can only be used to connect an external reference voltage, with the right code.
Powering things from the Aref pin is very wrong, and potentially deadly to the Arduino.
You should always power pots from the 5volt pin.
Add a low value resistors in series with the 5volt supply of each socket, like 47ohm.
That will limit fault current to a safe 100mA during insertion of the plug.
Only downside is that you might not fully reach 1023 of the A/D.
Leo..