I have seen people use Sharpie markers to 'draw' their own layouts right onto the PCB. Apparently it has to be a Sharpie brand and you have to make sure the ink is laid on dark, but it works. If you have a simple layout and don't mind the slop, that would be the easiest and cheapest way to go.
The toner density is not the same as the resolution. It's how thick (dense) the toner is applied to the paper. But I get where you're coming from. Junk mail is frequently printed on glossy paper and the toner sticks to the gloss without soaking as deep into the fibers as it does on regular paper. So it transfers to the PCB more completely.
I'm gonna have to try the toner transfer method. It seems pretty straight forward.