Hi all!
I am new to Arduino and loving every bit of it! So please be patient with my noob inquiries. Some searches already showed some process flows but my i2c doesn't respond when using libraries so I must resort to long hand sketching of the prints. An example of how I code the print to show Hello World is:
Serial.write(0x02); //STX
Serial.print("1");
Serial.print("Hello World ");
Serial.write(0x03); //ETX
I've managed to successfully sketch my project and now it needs to use characters in order to save space on the LCD. 
Setup:
Arduino Due
20x4 LCD via i2c using pins 0 and 1 direct to the RX TX of the i2c
So the main inquiry is how do I get this displayed as a character on the LCD using long hand approach above?
Character binary array to be printed on LCD:
byte tmeter[8] = //icon for thermometer
{
B00100,
B01010,
B01010,
B01110,
B01110,
B11111,
B11111,
B01110
};
If I Serial.write(B00100); another character gets displayed which already occupies one whole block of the LCD. Is there any way for me to show this binary input as one pixel only and be able to manual serial write each column / row?
TIA!
In the first place, how is it connected? What kind of display? (Just i2C LCD does not name it... That's like telling you have a car with four wheels and it's green when you want to repair it.) And most of all, what kind of library??
Second of all, you talk about some sort of I2C display but in your code you use Serial.write().... Huh??
And as a starter, I would have used a Uno instead of the complex Arduino Due...
Thank you for clarifying what I need to elaborate further.
Setup:
The display is a generic serial/vfd 20x4 LCD which is Hitachi similar
16 pins connected to a i2c board (Pins 15 and 16 are for LED power)
How the i2c backpack is setup: 6 pins in total
Pins 1 and 2 are for external power of the backpack
Pin3 Gnd
Pin 4 RX --> to TX of arduino
Pin 5 TX --> to RX of arduino
Pin 6 v+ --> unconnected as arduino has separate power supply
no libraries used in sketch
The reason why I used serial prints / writes in my sketch is because I could not use a suitable library for my display 
When I run the port finder, it could not detect the dht11 i2c RXTX pins even if I connect them to an analog pin of the arduino board. So unfortunately, I need to long hand the sketch for the details to be printed on the LCD.
*I can switch to using an UNO or MEGA as these are humbly at my disposal right now.
The LCD is character based, ie you can only write one character at a time and it is usual for each character to be 8 pixels high and 5 pixels wide. Because you can only write a whole character you cannot explicitly turn a single pixel of the character on and off. What you can do, however, is to change the definition of the special character after you have written it and it will be updated on the LCD, but this would be cumbersome to manage.
Try this as an experiment. Do the initial createChar() then write your special character to the LCD, wait a second, change the contents of the array holding the character definition, do the createChar() again, wait a second then reinstate the original definition and do createChar() again. I told you that it was cumbersome !
I've looked into the createChar but it works under a library for lcd. Unfortunately, when I try to use a library for the i2c that I have, it doesn't respond even if I indicate the i2c address 0x01.
If there anyway for me to be able to convert the byte array to a string and then just serial.print(string)?
Ow damn, this took me a while, it's not a I2C pack! If you have it connected to RX en TC it's a serial pack. That explains why you try to use Serial.write(). And I think that explains why "the library" does not work. In quotes because you are not really willing to tell what library you tried. Probably the wrong one....
Can we please have a link to the exact LCD that you are using ?
Yes Septilion. I really apologize for not being able to explain that fully as I am still new to this. I've tried the onboard liquid crystal i2c, adafruit, seriallcd, etc libraries and it won't run because probably it is just a serial backpack. But it did save me some connections!
I've already fried a previous lcd doing the manual 4-8bit connection so I resorted to this instead and had to rewrite the sketch to properly print the displays.
Link to backpack and lcd type
Being stuck with only the serial backpack, is there a way for me to still display custom chars?
Yeay, using a I2C library to talk to a LCD will not work.
Have you tried the sketch in the download?
Yes, I have tried the sketch and it works fine.
It actually displays words or letters, timers, etc very well.
But now that I'm trying to move on to characters / custom characters, I cannot find a way to display the characters. The only success I've had with a character is if I print a degree sign for temperature.
Serial.print((char)223); //prints the little circle before the celcius
But if a byte array should be printed, I could not find documentation on how I could display the array via the serial.print, serial.write, or serial.println syntax. Is it still possible to display the byte array with this setup?
If I scan the document of the Serial LCD II I can't find anything about custom chars. So I think you're out of luck with this one.
Yikes. Ok, thanks for that Septillion! This is just a prototype anyway. I'll try to source a true i2c backpack and use that instead. The lcd is a char lcd so that should work.