Calculating Unknown Resistor with Arduino

Okay, curveball question time: this Arduino is supposed to drive a W5500 ethernet shield and 16 Adafruit Neopixels (sometimes simultaneously, including during testing) for data collection. Because both are being driven off the 5V pin on the Mega, will this cause any additional errors I'll need to correct for?

It is possible for me to drive both off the 5.15V PSU directly instead of through the 5V pin on the Mega if you think I should.